An Analysis of The Pearl by John Steinbeck Essay

One of the main themes of the novel, The Pearl, which was written by John Steinbeck, is the destructive force of greed. The author presented this concept in a variety of ways in the story such as the use parallelism of the imagery to the characters in the novel, the setting of the story that justifies the characters’ actions, and the sudden transformation of the characters.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Basically, the story takes place in depressed Mexican-Indian community in La Paz where the novel’s two main characters, Kino, a poor pearl diver, and his wife, Juana, live in. While the story revolves mainly around the life of the couple, particularly, Keno, the author used them to symbolize the impoverished state of the community in which they live in. The story begins with Coyotito being stung by a poisonous scorpion. When Kino and Juana were unable to treat their son, who was shown to be in extreme pain, they took him to a doctor. However, the doctor, upon learning that the couple did not have any money, turns them away and pretended to be unavailable at the moment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this part of the story, Steinbeck already showed how greed played an important role in adversely affecting the lives of Kino and Juana through momentarily shifting the focus of characterization. The doctor, who is bound by an oath that compels him to help all those who are sick, regardless of their economic status, refused to treat the couple’s son because he was greedy and did not want to treat them unless he gets paid with money. The doctor also symbolized the obstacles and oppression that Kino faces in their impoverished community, which was, in a way, used to justify his greedy actions later on in the novel. Moreover, the use of nature’s imagery in the first chapter of the novel generally mirrored Kino’s personality. In the opening chapter 1, Kino deeply observes the beauty of the garden of his home, which reflects the innocence he only had at the beginning of the novel.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   After the couple was turned down by the doctor, Kino became desperate but fortunately found a very large and rare pearl in one of his dives. The author used this part of the story as a turning point in Kino’s personality. This part of the story also depicted the greed of the other minor characters of the novel such as the priest of La Paz, who agreed to help Kino only after he discovered that he had the pearl, and the doctor, who changed his mind and helped Kino only after he found out that the fisherman was in possession of a rare pearl.   Moreover, although Kino’s intentions were primarily to buy a cure for his son by selling the pearl, he was blinded by his greed as shown in his desire to sell the pearl only to the highest bidder. Days after he found the pearl, his entire family experienced a lot of misfortunes. Several men attempted to steal the pearl from him and although they were unsuccessful, this led to Kino committing acts he normally did not do such as violence and murder. In addition, Kino’s attitude towards his family suddenly changed which was illustrated when he beat up his wife Juana after she insisted that they get rid of the pearl for fear of the misfortune it will bring them in the future. Even after their house was burned down, Kino still insisted on keeping the pearl and escaped to a nearby the mountain with his family since they believed he will be hunted by the authorities after he killed one of the men of attempted to steal his prized possession. They then discover that they were being pursued by three men and when Kino tried to surprise them, they kill his son, Coyotito. He responded by killing all of them and the next day the story ended with Kino returning to La Paz where he throws the pearl to the sea for good. The events at the mountain were another form of nature imagery used by the author. This time, Steinbeck used the mountain to reflect life’s darker side which is characterized struggles and hardships. In this case, however, it was still Kino’s greed that led to these events. Overall, Steinbeck clearly expresses that man’s desire for excessive property and riches would eventually lead to destruction as portrayed by Kino who lost his son, his house, and his innocence in his greedy desire to sell the pearl and amass wealth. References Steinbeck, J. (2002). The Pearl (Centennial Edition). New York: Penguin

Design of “Vertical” Greenhouses

General Info: Greenhouses provide us with great benefits, for case, turning harvests in utmost climes or in such parts where dirts are non suited for farming. For the first clip this thought was mentioned in the Ancient Rome, when Roman engineers made a rock room with translucent roof to turn harvests and protect them from searing Sun and terrible storms. Several centuries have passed and the construct of the nursery changed radically: walls and roof became crystalline, computing machine controls irrigational systems and climate control can automatically take suited air temperature and humidness. Furthermore, the design has besides changed ; presents it is preferred to construct egg-shaped nurseries with dome-like roofs because they permit light through much easier than ordinary nurseries with traditional roof tops. ( Sky Greens, 2011 ) Singapore interior decorators turned the design of nursery upside down and won National Development’s R & A ; D Award back in 2011 ( Merit Award ) . They ma de it perpendicular and it has several positive facets: it can be put in the centre of the metropolis, takes less country on the land and does non botch the futuristic design of the metropolis. Furthermore Singapore became pioneer metropolis in researching and implementing this thought in existent life. Undertakings: EDITT Tower ( Singapore ) The first undertaking that appeared on designs was the EDITT Tower. It was proposed in 1998 and it skoked people by its extraordinary. The position of this undertaking is â€Å"pending† now. After suggesting the EDITT Tower in 1998 the street life was brought to the upper degrees trough broad landscaped inclines. These street activities were lined with these inclines ( eating houses, observation decks, coffeehouse, stores, stables, public presentation infinites and etc. ) . However despite all these attractive forces that maved at that place, EDITT Tower was named as ‘hierarchy of ecosystems’ . It provides life and comfort staying as for people, as for harvests that can be grown at that place. The chief intents for this tower were: attract, supply comfort and increase biodiversity and organic mass, rehabitate ecosystems, preserve and preserve. EDITT Tower ( 2008 ) This tower is enormously ‘eco-friendly’ in malice that it was designed in 1998, it was already designed, photovoltaic panels, rainforest roll uping and recycling, gray H2O and waste separation and intervention systems to be constitutional ( mention to segment ‘How it works’ to cognize more about each system ) * . Suggested country to build this edifice is in the centre of Singapore. EDITT Tower ; overall position ( 2008 ) EDITT Tower, Floor program ( 2008 ) Technical Datas: Climate for harvests: Rainforst Vegetation: Rainforest Site country: 838 m2; Entire GFA ( Gross Floor Area ) 6,033 m2 Number of floors: 26 ; Sums up to: 6,033 m2/ 26 = 232 m2on each floor Solar energy Autonomy: 39.7 % Sewage Recycling per annum: 15,190 m3 Water Autonomy: 55.1 % Embodied Energy** : 142,841.20 GJ/m2 **Embodied Energy – entire primary energy ( crude oil, energy, gas ) consumed in Gigajoules on mean 80 KG of CO2per GJ. Planted Areas: 63 % of the edifice country. Totals up to: 6,033 m2– 63 % = 3,800 m2are used for turning. Type of the Building: Mixed-use Facilities, Offices. Date: 1998 Designed by: T.R. Hamzah and Yeang. Solaris Tower ( Singapore ) The first undertaking of the mixed-use edifice ( including perpendicular farms ) that was truly built. TR Hamzah & A ; Yeang designed Solaris in 2008, linking nature and humanity. Several sky Bridgess linking skygardens and offices between two towers. Even though that EDITT Tower consists of 26 floors, Solaris has merely 15, nevertheless it has more infinite for landscape gardening, around 8,000 m2. Solaris is a re-designed theoretical account of the EDITT Tower. There are new implementions: the new architectural design called ‘Eco-Cell’ was placed on the top degrees of the tower. The ‘Eco-cell’ is a combination of gardens with different harvests inside that were placed on the top degrees in combine with different eating houses and bars. Besides the edifice has the ‘Solar Shaft’ that penetrates the upper floors and allows the daytime to come in. Likewise several detectors scan the sum of the daytime in the edifice and cut down the sum of energy for the lamps, when they don’t need it and the energy ingestion lessenings. ‘Naturally Ventilated Grand Atrium’ IS a engeneeres’ development that allows air to come in, non utilizing ordinary airing systems. The operable glass roof protects the edifice from any component that can ab initio come in. Furthermore Harmonizing to Eco Infrastructure by T.R. Hamzah and Yeang ( 2009 ) ‘The building’s overall energy ingestion will stand for a decrease of over 33 % compared to local case in points and the undertaking is on mark to transcend BCA’s** GreenMark Platinum evaluation, the highest possible enfranchisement granted by Singapore’s sustainable edifice benchmark’ . The intent of this edifice is the same as EDITT’s Tower: rehabitate ecosystems, preserve and preserve. Solaris Singapore ( 2013 ) Solaris Singapore Aerial View ( 2013 ) Solaris Singapore Roof Garden ( 2013 ) Solaris Singapore Lobby ( 2013 ) Solaris Singapore Building Plan ( 2013 ) Solaris Singapore Ecological Design Features ( 2013 ) How it works: The map of these ‘extraordinary’ stylish, ultra-modern perpendicular nurseries does non differ from their opposite number. However, if you enter them you can happen some differences: in some edifices the sunshine will be replaced with extremely efficient LED lamps. They contain glass walls, and solar panels or weave turbines that make them stand out and tout sustainable energy beginnings. Crops are on a regular basis irrigated and its ‘grey water’ is so recycled and used once more. ( How Stuff Works 2013 ) Furthermore, methane, besides called ‘biogas’ that is produced by workss, is collected and stored in particular containers and used as alternate beginning of energy. Consequently ‘biogas’ and ‘grey water’ are non released into the ambiance or dumped into the sea or the river. What crops can be grown at that place? Harmonizing to Bright Agrotech of 2013, ‘plants range from traditional nursery harvests like tomatoes and Cucumis sativuss to traditional Nutrient Film Technique ( NFT ) harvests such as boodle and salad greens.’ Furthermore, if your nursery has aquaponic systems you can turn anything at that place. Harmonizing to Vertical Food Blog 2013, the best harvests for this type of nursery are the 1s with really fast bends such as rosemary, basil, marjoram, mustard leafy vegetables, and boodles, because they will take down your costs, addition returns and minimise liabilities. How it can be implemented in the UAE? From older times UAE is celebrated by its clime, nevertheless the dirt is non acceptable to turn any type of harvests at that place, furthermore open-roof farms will non protect harvests from sand storms. Likewise it can be a great opportunity to implement this thought to the UAE’s local local market. Furthermore some fruits and veggies that are brought from other states can be reduced up to 40 per centum. If tis economic scheme becomes effectual, it will pull more clients to purchase local merchandises and do UAE go independent from other countries-suppliers. Bruno G. ( 2012 ) . Dave ‘s Garden. A Short History of the Greenhouse. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //davesgarden.com/guides/articles/view/3607/ # B [ Accessed 18 December 2013 ] . Sky Gardens. ( 2011 ) . Our Company. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //skygreens.appsfly.com/products [ Accessed 18 December 2013 ] Silverman J. Will at that place be farms in New York City ‘s skyscrapers? How stuff plants. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/conservation/issues/vertical-farming1.htm [ Accessed 18 December 2013 ] Robinson N. Vertical nutrient web log. Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //verticalfoodblog.com/best-crops-for-vertical-farming/ [ Accessed 18 December 2013 ] hypertext transfer protocol: //www.ctbuh.org/TallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildings/FeaturedTallBuildingArchive2012/SolarisSingapore/tabid/3854/language/en-GB/Default.aspx – hypertext transfer protocol: //www.designbuild-network.com/projects/solaris-fusionopolis/solaris-fusionopolis5.html Solaris Singapore ( images and Text ) . hypertext transfer protocol: //inhabitat.com/editt-tower-by-trhamzah-and-yeang/ EDITT Tower ( images and text ) .

Anne Frank: Injustice Essay

An injustice can be defined as a violation of another’s rights. In literature, authors use the element of injustices as the vocal point of the story. The importance of a vocal point is pivotal in a story because it is the skeleton of the piece. The story is founded upon the existence of the injustice and the events that occur because of it. But in some cases the literary piece is not a fictional story. Not only does it occur in literature, it occurs in real life. The world’s history is plagued with unfairness and inhumane acts of injustice. For instance, the genocide of Jewish people occurred because of Adolph Hitler and his acts of cruelty. The Diary of Anne Frank showcases the injustice she, along with others, endured for the sake of their survival. She suffered a racial injustice, but the biggest injustice is that she did not survive after all the wasted time she spent trying to live normally. Because of the Nazi regime, Anne, her family, and the van Daans, had to hide in a secret annex in order to escape the Nazi’s wrath against the Jews. Anne was kept in isolation against her will because it was the only way she could survive. Unfortunately, Anne either had to physically die at a concentration camp or mentally die inside the annex. She spent two years in that annex; she was forced to grow up in that annex and miss out on opportunities that other children had. She never had the ability to actually live like a normal teenage girl and experience normality. After a while, the definition of normality fades. She has a different perspective on what is normal for her because she is stuck in an annex where she does not thrive or excel in normalcy. Her mind is altered of what humanity and love are. She is practically brainwashed because she does not know how to be normal since all she knows is of what is inside that little annex. At one point, she feels alone and hopeless. She battles between the idea that maybe getting caught would of been the better option because the hell she is stuck in is not any better. As a human being, she deserved to have rights but she had all of those rights taken away from her. It was unfair that she had lost her life and her identity in the real world. Basically, she died when she stepped into that isolated realm; she had no options or any rights. She died either way because no one deserves to live in agony. After all the suffering she endured, she still did not make it and that is the greatest injustice of all. She fought to survive but all her efforts proved to be futile against the wrath of unfairness. After facing so many hardships and pain, she still did not survive. She lost every drop of hope towards the end of her diary. Anne knew her fate either way; if she survived through the annex, she still would not be the same. She could not escape this injustice no matter what she tried. Her life became defined by this injustice; her world revolved around this injustice and she could never escape its grip. She was Jewish no matter what. And because of her heritage, this injustice would never leave her. An injustice can be used throughout a literary work. Unfortunately, injustices manifest into the real world to excrete pain and suffering on its victims. The Diary of Anne Frank illuminates the tragic affects of what an injustice can do to a person. She tried to survive against the odds, but it proved to be meaningless because she died when Hitler proclaimed the Jews inferior.

Quadrant Homes Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Quadrant Homes - Case Study Example They align the goals of all stakeholders (Quadrant Homes ensures that the expectations of the stakeholders that have investment in their company are along the same lines so that everyone is all striving for the same cause. They recognize that variances will occur, and they design routines to handle them when they do (Quadrant Homes realizes that there will be times where the work doesn't flow like it should; as a result, they have routines set for their employees when these situation occur.) Quadrant Homes provides manufacturing and service because, not only do they build houses for people, but they also ensure that the customer is satisfied with their work. If not, they will strive to accommodate them. Quadrant Homes sold over 1,000 homes in 2003, and they produced over $250 millon in revenue; they turned an industry-leading profit margin, and produced a pretax return on investment (ROI) in the low 20s. Within its industry, Quadrant Homes was in the top ranking, in both net income and revenue, and they served as the number one homebuilder in its geographic market, doubling the sales of the next competitor. The success of Quadrant Homes was attributed to the fact that they changed the structure of the business and the way at which they were manufacturing houses (Quadrant Homes was building based on the forecase of houses they thought they could sell; as a result, houses would sit unsold for months which resulted in less revenue and high inventory.) As a result of Quadrant Homes losing revenue, in 1996, President Steve Dennis, Executive Vice President Peter Orser, and Operations Vice President Mark Gray decided to change the structure of the business by modeling the approach of successful Texas homebuilder, Rayco; they restructured the way homes were manufactured and sold, resulting in a system that would boost profits and revenue. 3. The high priorities of Quadrant Homes are best described as ensuring that the quality of the work that they manufacture are appeasing to their clients and the budget that they have set forth in their business. As a result, Quadrant Homes has focused on the relationships that they have developed with their subcontractors, helping to ensure that the work that they produce is of high quality to their clients. While Quadrant Homes sets a flowing chart for themselves to follow, they also set forth guidelines for their subcontract

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 20

Report - Essay Example Procurement is fundamental to every project manager in order to advice the company on the right partners to work with, the rights and obligations of every party in a project, and how well the parties can work together. Contracts need strategy in order to succeed and that is why, it paramount to know who will supply what and how the payments of the supplies will be met. A contract to supply raw material, personnel or any other service, should give assurance to the do so for the duration for which the contract runs and under the terms and conditions agreed upon. So that, if the contract is financed on interim basis, the supplier of whichever service or raw material should be able to do so until when payment has been processed (BARNES, 2007). Procurement services should also be subjected to competitive vetting to ensure that the right supplier is awarded the tender to supply raw materials whether all the metallic raw materials or part of that, and that will be the case for all procurements. The project manager will advise the contractor on what elements to look for in tendering a supply of any raw material. Just to highlight, cost of raw material, transport cost; whether it is lumped and gathered for to the site, and the capacity to deliver them in time. The contractor then will have a host of service providers to choose from after which the suitable supplier will commence the supply of the procured materials (MARSH, 2000). Just like any other contract programme, what is binding, has to be backed by evidence and that is the time that has been set out for completion of a project. When a project is completed within the stipulated time, the contractor is entitled to a bonus of the whole cost however, when the project is completed outside this time, the contractor is liable to a penalty. As a matter of fact, the entire project under the watch of a project

How a bill becomes a law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

How a bill becomes a law - Essay Example There is another possibility, whereby the President neither assents or declines the bill (also called sitting on a bill), where upon passage of 10 working days, the bill is passed as law. There is an exception to this 10-day rule, commonly referred to as a pocket veto. In a pocket veto, â€Å"the President can kill a bill if it goes unsigned and Congress adjourns prior to the 10-day time limit. The term "pocket veto" comes from the fact that if the President knows an adjournment is coming, he can place the bill in his pocket and forget about it.† (Mount, 2010) While there are several routes through which a bill can be brought to the floor for discussion, the most common path is through specialized committees. For example, since bills usually concern a particular topic, like raising the salary of military personnel, most of them will â€Å"fall into a specific sub-committee's area of responsibility. There is a Subcommittee on Pay, Promotion, and Retirement that would consider the pay bill. Once a bill is introduced, it is assigned to a committee.

The Chinese Revolution as inspired by Marxist Theory Essay

The Chinese Revolution as inspired by Marxist Theory - Essay Example After this breakdown, an all-out war between these two forces resumed. Ultimately, the People’s Liberation Army was victorious, and on October 1, 1949, Mao Zedong proclaimed the People’s Republic of China. The importance and significance of the Chinese Revolution is integral, and in order to come to a clearer and more knowledgeable understanding on this subject matter, certain political and economic issues must be addressed. As well, the historical factors and lessons learned from this occurrence must be included. The aim of this paper is to discuss all of this, along with other relevant and significant issues in regards to the Chinese Revolution. This is what will be dissertated in the following. The political and economic institutions of Revolutionary China (1949-1976) were very much inspired by Marxist theory on the transition from capitalism to socialism in several different ways. In China, Mao Zedong is remembered for many things. He is revered as the greatest of revolutionaries. However he has also been considered as among the worst politicians. â€Å"He knew well how to make a revolution, but once in power he could not put his love of revolution aside for the sake of governing.† (Compton’s Living Encyclopedia, 1995). Mao Zedong was born in Shaoshan, Hunan Province on December 26, 1893. During the Revolution of 1911-12 Mao served in the army for six months. Afterwards, he graduated from the First Provincial Normal School in Changsha in 1918. He was then sent to Peking University where he became embroiled in the Revolutionary May Fourth Movement. It was in 1921 when Mao helped found the Chinese Communist party, and it was only two years after this that he l eft work to become a full-time revolutionary. At the time of its founding in 1921, the Chinese Communist party was focused on organizing such things as

How to quit smoking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

How to quit smoking - Research Paper Example It also lays a great impact on people who do not smoke but are exposed to second hand smoke and they also become susceptible to the development of disease. Smoking affects the major systems of the human body which include the cardiovascular system as well as the respiratory system and is associated with major pathological conditions affecting the heart and can also result in cancer of the lung. Smoking also increases the economic burden of the country owing to the large amounts of money that need to be spent on the medical expenditures of the smokers. A survey in year 2004 revealed the fact that $96 billion had to be spent on the health care costs of the smokers owing to the pathologies resulting directly due to smoking. Hence the severity of the issue makes it important that strategies should be formulated to assist individuals in overcoming these problems of smoking and to quit smoking as this can be beneficial for the individuals as well as for the state (Centers for Disease Contr ol and Prevention 2010). Strategies employed by the state can serve to be very useful in reducing the number of smokers. This was proved by the statistics for the state of California where the percentage of smokers reduced from 22.7 percent to 13.3 percent from the year 1988 to 2006. The policies used by the state included the elevation in the cost of the cigarettes accompanied by other important techniques which included reduction in advertisements and promotions of cigarettes. This led not only in reduction of the number of smokers but it was also associated with decrease in the number of pathological conditions in the state associated with smoking (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2010). The goal of quitting smoking is not very easy and it requires extreme will power and determination. Many people do not choose to quit smoking owing to the fact that when they stop smoking, it leads to increase in their weight. This is because leaving smoking is linked to increased cravi ng for sweet foods and this leads to increased consumption of calories. To tackle this issue different methods have been prescribed to overcome the problem of smoking as well as the gain of weight that may follow. It is advised that the smokers should start eating a healthy and balances diet. This should be accompanied by regular exercises and work outs. This is because exercise and healthy eating habits are associated with burning of calories and at the same time it leads to reducing the stress that a person may experience due to leaving smoking. This is also very helpful because it can lead to the improvement of cardiovascular system boost the physical health of the individual (Marcus et al 2004). The initiative should be taken by the government for promoting individuals from quitting smoking. This includes awareness programs along with the constellation of other techniques which include the utilization of media to promote the benefits of quitting smoking. The awareness programs s hould be started from schools so that the youths are trained against adapting to these habits. The prices of cigarettes should be raised along with the taxes to make the people think regarding their choice of smoking. The methods that are available for helping individuals who smoke should also be explained to these people. These strategies will assist people in setting their goals to work towards quitting smoking (Ranney et

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Assignment Example A Formal Vs. Informal Rulemaking (Administrative Law): This is a branch of law that oversees the bodies of government that are responsible for the administration. Government agencies that work under administrative capacity work as a branch of public law and deal with decision making arms of the government. Administrative law is different from legislative or judicial authority because it includes the power to create rules and regulations based on the statutes that legislative authorities put into effect. These bodies also have the power to grant licenses and permits, begin investigations and provide remedies to complaints, oversee the conduct of the business of government and issue orders to parties to comply with certain rules. Ad Substantial Rule Vs. Corrective Advertising Rule (Federal State Commission Advertising Rule) This is an independent agency of the government of the United States government. It is established by the federal state commission act. Its principal goal is the pr omotion of costomer protection and the prevention of anti- competitive business practice, for example, monopoly. The Environmental Impact Statement And The Threshold Requirements Thereof. (Environmental Law) Environmental laws are laws that act together with the goal of protecting the environment. The main objective is to ensure that the ecosystem is protected against both public and private actions that failed to take account of costs or harms imposed on the ecosystem Commercial And Noncommercial Speech (Constitutional Law) This deals with constitutions as they are set out the broad structure of government. Government entities and provisions providing for human rights and civil rights, which are part of some constitutions, are set out in the suitable sections. Business matters are likewise dealt with in the commercial law sector Answer The Following General Questions Constitutional Law: The Federal Government Main Constitutional Basis For Regulating Business Activities Is So Called Commerce Clause. In What Way Does The Commerce Clause Operate To Place A Restriction On States Authority To Regulate Business Activities? The commerce clause is an enumerated power listed in the constitution of the United States article 1 section 8 clause 3; it states that the USA congress has the power to regulate trade with overseas countries, and amid the several states, and with the Indian tribes. These three areas of comers are separate powers granted to the congress. The commerce clause is never referred to under terms but under the foreign commerce clause, the interstate commerce clause and the Indian commerce clause. Disagreements exist within the courts as to the range of powers granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause. The clause is usually paired with the necessary and proper clause; the combination is used to take a broad, expansive perspective of these powers. The effect varies according to the Supreme Court’s interpretation. The use of the clause to authorize federal control of economic powers has been limited. Consumer Credit Protection The Credit Card Industry Grew Significantly In The 1970s. Identify Four Key Problems That Resulted From This Growth In Terms Of Adversely Affecting Consumers’ Interests And What Remedial Federal Acts Did Congress Enact To Correct These Problems: The term "credit" means the

What were the key elements of the policy of deterrence and containment Essay

What were the key elements of the policy of deterrence and containment during the Cold War Evaluate their effectiveness and their costs - Essay Example policy of deterrence is basically a threat by one party to convince another party to halt evil actions that could become harmful for international peace. It should be noted that the era of cold war was greatly depending upon deterrence (Wison 1962). Considering Containment during cold war, it can be said United States had to implement the policy of containment to make sure that communism does not spread among other countries. The implementation of the policy of containment and deterrence was followed by United States during the cold war due to the threat of being threatened by communism (Hunter 1998). It should be noted that adherence of United States with the theory of containment during the cold war allowed intervention activities in Vietnam. Similar instance was noted at the Central America and Grenada. This shows the effectiveness of the key elements and theories as practically implemented. This is the key element that led to the implementation of these policies during cold war (Ray 2004). United States noticed that the influence of European counterparts was increasing with every passing day. United States was actually being pushed to defeat as the Vietnam havoc was basically because of communism spread. Thus, policy of containment was implemented to contain communism to their respective origin country (Gladdis 2005). The policy of containment is also refereed as the foreign policy of United States with other countries which that were noted as potential to harm United States. However, the cost involved throughout this foreign implication was relatively high. There was a risk of military attack by other activities despite undertaking deterrence (Ray 2004). The cost was high in terms of finance as the capital of European Union and United States was used to buy arms to compete with the forces in order to stay stabilized. The cost of humanity is another aspect that should be noted. However, it has been noted that implication of the policies allowed the Unites

The Tragedy of September 11 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Tragedy of September 11 - Essay Example The paper "The Tragedy of September 11" explores the tragedy in the USA. After 9/11 the US residents were supportive of president’s Bush declaration of war. Americans had suffered a great human loss as a result of a cowardly attack on American civilians. The American citizens were outraged and wanted action and retaliation against the perpetrators that destroyed downtown New York. There was no clear target as far the attack coming from typical enemies such a war declaration from another country. The government decided that the entire Middle East region was at fault because many terrorist organizations loomed in the area. This characterization of an entire race was a carefully plotted plan which utilized imaginative geographies to justify a full blown attack against Afghanistan and Iraq which were perceived as the epicenter in which the terrorist were located and planned their attacks against western nations. This paper analyzes how the â€Å"War on Terror† has utilized imaginative geographies as an effective strategic tool to continue its presence in the Middle East for nearly six years. Imaginative geographies refers to the dramatization of the differences between a dominant culture and another culture, ‘us’ and ‘them’, employed by folding difference in distance as the key to create made up perceptions of events occurring in a place based on prejudice, racial disparity and other generalization of an opposite culture. The U.S military and its allies including the British regime utilized imaginary geography.

The U.N’s attempt at peace in Bosnia Essay Example for Free

The U.N’s attempt at peace in Bosnia Essay In this essay the question that I am going to answer is â€Å"Was the United Nations effective in its activities in the Bosnian War?† I am going to show that the U.N was not effective in the activities regarding Bosnia Herzegovina by first providing background on the cause of the war. I will then talk about the U.N’s beginning mandate and the formation of UNPROFOR and how they have attempted to aid Bosnia. That will transition into different perspectives on the U. N’s effectiveness in this world. I will end my paper with the resolution for the Bosnian war and finally conclude with a summary of the essay. Yugoslavia was once a country that bordered Austria, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Greece and Albania. In the 1990’s there were a lot of disputes with Yugoslavia from the U.S and Germany. The U.S wanted Yugoslavia to break up because they â€Å"were interested in the more recently established states† (Mahiras) because they controlled key routes through the Balkan Mountains. Germany was interested because as territory of its â€Å"vital interest† Slovenia and Croatia.† In order to obtain this goal the U.S decided to give Yugoslavia and ultimatum that was backed by Germany, and other countries that the U.S â€Å"influenced†, the ultimatum was that â€Å"If Yugoslavia did not announce multi-party elections, it would face economic isolation.† This was the ultimate cause of Yugoslavia’s dismemberment into six different republics which included Serbia, Croatia, and Bosnia-Herzegovina. The individual states turned countries sovereignty would be put to the test in the Bosnian war. In each separate republic of what was formerly known as Yugoslavia they had a majority ethnic group. This, however, was not the case of Bosnia, Bosnia in 1991 â€Å"Muslims comprised 44% of the population, Serbs 31%, and Croats 18% with the remainder mixed.† (GOA pg 1)When Bosnia achieved independence there was a civil conflict between the Bosnian Government and the Bosnian Serbs. In order to try and keep the peace the UNPROFOR was first established (UNPROFOR stood for United Nations Protection Force) and they later created a mandate that was extended to Bosnia. Their original mandate was as follows, â€Å"UNPROFORs mandate was to ensure that the three United Nations Protected Areas (UNPAs) in Croatia were demilitarized and that all persons residing in them were protected from fear of armed attack†. (Department of Public Information) The mandate was then extended â€Å"In June 1992, as the conflict intensified and extended to Bosnia and Herzegovina, UNPROFORs mandate and strength were enlarged in order to ensure the security and functioning of the airport at Sarajevo, and the delivery of humanitarian assistance to that city and its environs.† There were also hidden dilemmas in the U.N. People were beginning to question whether they were keeping the peace, or forcing the peace unto others. Author Ivo Daalder brought up a controversial point when saying, â€Å"U.N. Protection Force in Bosnia confronted a fateful dilemma. UNPROFOR could actively oppose the Bosnian Serb effort and side with the Muslim victims of the war. But this would entail sacrificing the evenhandedness that is the hallmark of U.N. peacekeeping. Alternatively, UNPROFOR could preserve its much-vaunted neutrality and limit its role to protecting humanitarian relief supplies and agencies. But this would effectively leave the Muslims to face the Bosnian Serb assault virtually unprotected.† (Daalder). After the war the U.N is criticized with not having allocated enough time and effort into the Bosnian War. They did not help out enough until the very end and in some regards are held accountable for the Mass Genocide that occurred on their watch. This is what happened with the case in Rwanda. They did not offer aid or assistance until the very end and because of that countless people die. Back on topic, the UNPROFOR was fighting to keep Sarajevo open. They tried to keep Sarajevo open in order to deliver much needed aid however much of the aid did not reach them. It was later recorded that only about 50% of the total aid reached the areas that were most affected. The reasoning behind this was that the continued fighting prohibited the cargo from reaching certain places. In an US Secretary-General Report â€Å"one UNHCR convoy on its way from Zagreb to Sarajevo had to pass some 90 roadblocks, many of them manned by undisciplined and drunken soldiers of no clear political affiliation† (US Secretary General). In addition to the Mandate the U/N also enforced a â€Å"No Fly Zone†. This meant that they banned all military flights in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The U.N also established â€Å"safe areas† around Bosnian and the city of Sarajevo where an airport they were using was located. The public as well as the people in the safe areas expected UNPROFOR troops to protect them, ensure the delivery of humanitarian aid, and, possibly, get them out of these places. However, none of this could be easily delivered. This was because Humanitarian convoys were often halted on the way, usually prior to some military intervention of the Bosnian Serb army. The Bosnian Serbian Army would halt aid because it was going toward the Muslim communities that they were fighting. The UNPROFOR troops did not have sufficient enough numbers or weapons to protect themselves against the Serbian Army. Word was being spread around the world about the war in Bosnia. The media would â€Å"include footage from World War II concentration camps to draw parallels between the past slaughter of Jews and the current slaughter of Muslims by European Christians.† (Hedge). The Serbians were sweeping across Bosnia raiding in destroying predominately Muslim communities. They were better armed, allowing them to slaughter the Muslims who had barely any weaponry. They would leave death and destruction in their wake. When they would go into the villages they would commit as they called it â€Å"Ethnic cleansing† and mass rape. It would later be discovered that most of the people who committed these heinous crimes were mostly from the Bosnian Serbian community. Due to these crimes the United Nations Security Council created Resolution 808 which read an international tribunal shall be established for the prosecution of persons responsible for serious violations of international humanitarian law committed in the territory of the former Yugoslavia since 1991. As of 2011 they had finally caught the last fugitive to be indicted for his war crimes â€Å"The Yugoslav war crimes tribunal crowned 18 years of operations on Wednesday with the capture of the last of 161 suspects from the wars of the 1990s† (Traynor). Culture played a huge card in this war. â€Å"a cultural dimension, marked by the intentional destruction of historical monuments and cultural artifacts — it has been estimated that by the end of 1992 up to 70 percent of the architectural inheritance of Bosnia-Herzegovina had been damaged or destroyed, including over 300 mosques, 150 Orthodox churches, and 50 Catholic churches†.(Vreme) As the Serbians were going through villages they were destroying any religion affiliated with the enemy. They only wanted things left standing that were important to them. â€Å"Many of these atrocities had an explicitly anti-Muslim character, and were justified as acts of historical revenge directed against the Ottoman legacy, â€Å"the continuation in an extreme form of a process of de-Islamization that had begun decades earlier.†(Mazower)† (Nation) Around this same time there was a treaty that would negotiate peace plans in Bosnia. It called for a multiethnic Bosnia. This plan was presented to the Bosnian Serbian Army. They went on to reject the initial plan and the continued fighting. Due to this turn of events NATO was on reserve to initiate and air strike in accordance the U.N. In 1994 Nato began its first air strikes killing 64 people and injuring plenty other. They became more involves with some of their jets were gunned down. Things starting looking bleak and the war continued through most of 1995. After this time the Clinton Administration decided to take action. This is how the war ultimately got decided. The Clinton Administration created a solution with the help of Madeleine Albrigh who went on to say that the UNPROFO hindered rather than help peace agreements in Bosnia. Instead she along with her follow people helped find a new solution, â€Å"The outlines of such a solution, which was based on the Contact Group plan of 1994, included: recognition of Bosnias sovereignty and territorial integrity within its existing borders; division of Bosnia into two entities—a Bosnian Serb entity and a Muslim-Croat federation; entity borders would be drawn in a compact and defensible manner, with the federation territory accounting for at least 51 percent of the total; and acceptance of special parallel relationships between the entities and neighboring states including the possibility of conducting a future referendum on the possibility of secession† (Daalder). The war end ed with the Dayton Peace Agreement signed on 21 November 1995. The final version was signed on 14 December 1995 in Paris. In conclusion, the U.N was ineffective in its efforts to stop the Bosnian War. They tried to send supplied but the cargo did not reach its destination half of the time. The troops were not armed well enough to put up a fight against the Serbians. Countless people died because they refused to take the drastic measures necessary to stop the War before it escalated. The U.S had to intervene and with them came the plan that ultimately ended the war peacefully. After the war the TCPY arrested and charged 161 people with War crimes that violated Resolution 808. I will conclude with saying that the U.N was not effective in its activities in the Bosnian War. Bibliography. Department of Public Information, United Nations. UNPROFOR. Welcome to the United Nations: Its Your World. http://www.un.org/Depts/DPKO/Missions/unprof_p.htm (accessed November 20, 2012). Daalder, Ivo. Decision to Intervene: How the War in Bosnia Ended | Brookings Institution. Brookings Quality. Independence. Impact.. http://www.brookings.edu/research/articles/1998/12/balkans-daalder (accessed November 20, 2012). HEDGES, CHRIS. Muslims From Afar Joining Holy War in Bosnia New York Times. The New York Times Breaking News, World News Multimedia. http://www.nytimes.com/1992/12/05/world/muslims-from-afar-joining-holy-war-in-bosnia.html (accessed November 20, 2012). Mahairas, Evangelos. The Breakup of Yugoslavia . IACenter.org. http://www.iacenter.org/folder02/hidden_em.htm (accessed November 20, 2012). Nation, R.Craig. WAR IN THE BALKANS, 1991-2002. WAR IN THE BALKANS, 1991-2002. www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/00117.pdf (accessed November 20, 2012). THE SECRETARY-GENERAL PURSUANT TO SECURITY COUNCIL RESOLUTION. Security Council . Security Council . daccess-dds-ny.un.org/doc/UNDOC/GEN/N92/202/18/PDF/N9220218.pdf?OpenElement (accessed November 20, 2012). The Role of UN During and After the War in Bosnia-Herzegovina. The Role of UN During and After the War in Bosnia-Herzegovina. www.google.com/url?sa=trct=jq=esrc=ssource=webcd=1ved=0CDMQFjAAurl=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ceeisaconf.ut.ee%2Forb.aw%2Fclass%3Dfile%2Faction%3Dpreview%2Fid%3D166445%2Fgoga.docei=zKSrUM6NE_K40AHHvoDQDwusg=AFQjCNHsaKAUo7bXMPbP_Hie99RnTfYLXwsig2=tCOCOkY0Y (accessed November 20, 2012). Traynor, Ian. Goran Hadzic capture a milestone for Yugoslav war crimes tribunal | World news | The Guardian . Latest US news, world news, sport and comment from the Guardian | guardiannews.com | The Guardian . http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2011/jul/20/goran-hadzic-capture-war-crimes-milestone (accessed November 20, 2012). United States General Accounting Office . Effectiveness of U.N, operations in Bosnia. Humanitarian Intervention. www.gao.gov/assets/80/78825.pdf (accessed November 20, 2012).

Homeless Children Negatively Affects Society Children And Young People Essay

Homeless Children Negatively Affects Society Children And Young People Essay Homeless Children refer to Children who live on the streets. They are deprived of family care and protection. Most of them are between the ages of 5 to 18 years old. Its a new phenomenon that has been occurred in the developed and less developed countries such as USA, India and Egypt. This Problem has evolved in some countries because of the gap between the rich and the poor and unequal distribution of the income. According to the United Nations Office for Drug Control and Crime Prevention researchers in Egypt found that the average number of Children street is vary between boys and girls which is 45,5 respectively . This paper will examine the problem of homeless children focusing on Poverty, Child Abuse and Child labor as well as the proposing solutions to overcome this problem. Homeless Children is a significant cause of poverty that results from low. The (UNO) in Egypt had interviewed 50 sample of street children and found that Low income and educational level of the family (98% of the sample come from low income level families, whereas 66% of them were low educational level families). Many families cannot support its family because of their low income and because most of these people are not educated so they cannot be employed in high positions to support the needs of the family. In addition, these conditions encourage the parents to let their children drop their schools and support them to be source of money to provide their families with food, clothes and other basic needs. Poverty will keep the child poor throughout his life. In order to survive, children wont have the chance to go to school and will be forced to work to get money so they will remain at the bottom of the social level. Most of the homeless children have many siblings according to their illiteracy that will increase this problem. Most of the time, overpopulation is associated with poverty because of their families low income. For example in Egypt a poor family could have 8 children and the bread winners income is 100 EGP distributed in 8 Child which is not covering half of their needs. Child Abuse is a cause of street children which lead the child to run away from home to avoid any kind of abuses such as physical or sexual abuses. However, running away from home may cause further abuses. Most of street children have been beaten up or sexually abused by their parents, step parent or in the work which led them to resorting to street, (Hussein, 1998). Furthermore, these children are forced to leave homes because they feel that they are neglected and being unwanted by their families. Another cause of street children is child labor which lead that child bears the burdens outweighs his/her ability. Street children can work in factories and carrying heavy equipment and bags. They usually dont live their lives as they should, they have been treated as adult because they have grew up before their times. Child labor is associated with child abuse. Children are being abused physically by their bosses who insult and beat them continuously. Homeless Children negatively affects the entire society. It affects their unstable lifestyles where they do not have a regular place to stay in and they might not see their biological parents daily which make them unstable emotionally. In addition, These Children lack of medical care and they have higher susceptibility of getting chronic diseases gastrointestinal disorders, and sexually-transmitted diseases such as HIV. They could get these diseases as eat from garbage and are not aware of cleaning habits to avoid those diseases. In Mumbai, India it is estimated that 30% of the prostitutes in this city are less than 20 years of age. Nearly half of them became commercial sex works when they were minors, (Rhode, 2004). In addition, adults are using street children in drug trade and studies found that 90% of the homeless children are using some psychoactive drugs such as heroin, alcohol, cigarettes and some industrial products that are available such as shoe glue. Street Children are more likely to acquire behaviors such as violence from the community or while working with others or with how the people react toward them in the streets. They obtain this behavior to protect themselves from the surrounding community and they dont feel valuable in their society. Most of these children are abused and violence is a normal result of this act which is associated with most of street children. They experienced many things and they saw the black side of life very early and because they feel unwelcomed by the people based on their appearance or their behavior, people tend to drive them away using violence. Street children have a fear of being arrested by police because they are afraid of giving them back to their families. There are some solutions that have been used previously but didnt succeed to overcome this problem or reduce the rate of homeless children in some countries such as volunteering in organizations, government, emergency call services and provide awareness and education. One of the solutions to reduce the problem of street children is volunteering in charitable organizations. These kinds of organizations provide help to street children to have a stable lifestyle and offer them the basic needs and rights as children. However, street children have adopt to the street and of course they dont want to stay in streets for the rest of their lives, but these organizations offer help for the children not for their parents, so if the child went back home they will repeat the cycle again.so, these organizations actually isnt the final solution this problem. Another solution for this problem is the help offered by the government to eliminate this problem. Governments provide money to these children and their families, so that later there is no need to let the child work or the child is forced to leave the home. By this money, the family can afford their children needs. However, this solution has a drawback which is that the money is going to finish and the government is not and these families cant rely on governments as source of money. Government will offer them allowance this month but maybe the next month they wont. In addition, these children have acquired some behaviors such as the use of drugs, so these children might use the money provided by the government in the drugs and other illegal things. According to NGO,in Brazil, sometimes governments have roundups when they remove all the children from city streets and place them in orphanages or arrest them. Which might lead the child to leave the orphanage and go back to street again and there are some orphanages that take advantages of these children and let them work for them which cause to the same problem again. A third solution for reducing the street children problem is emergency call. This service is done by the Human Rights to do their best in helping these children and offer them a stable life. These emergency calls are like hotline which the child dial their number and ask for help and then the responsible people come and help this child. However, most of these children have a fear of people and a fear that the community are not accepting them as part of the society, which result that not many children is going to call them. Moreover, this service also can be used by adults who are seeing street children and want to call a help for them but these children are not aware that they are being helped by the human rights and they will see it as they are being forced to go back to orphanages and child care and others. The best solution that we recommend to reduce the rate of street children in our world is a combination between education and angle investors. First of all, these children wont understand that they are being helped unless they understand that they are in severe danger. Education is a powerful weapon that will bring the children back into their societies and will help them to build their futures. The main purpose of offering education for street children is that they are going to feel valuable in their society and willing to improve themselves to better, (ANPPCAN, 1995). Small team of volunteers can offer an interesting and good environment of education to encourage them to attend school. In addition, the angle investors could help in providing money to their families as a persuasion but the money is given to start a small business with it such as supermarkets, laundry and joinery and others. So, they could have a stable source of money to provide their children with the basic needs r equired, and their children could attend school to improve their quality of life. Street children have many negative effects on the entire society. In addition higher rate of homeless children could increase the probability that the country wont be secure, stable and developed. Reducing this problem is important because they are part of our society and have needs and rights that should be achieved to get the best possible outcomes from them and raise the level of social and economy to the better. Something needs to be done to reduce and prevent street children from increase. There are several solutions you can do to decrease the disadvantages associated with the street children. While you can volunteer as a teacher, encourage investors to invest in small businesses to allow their families to work in it, support the governments to raise awareness about this problem and how it could be solved or reduced. However the best way for us to make an impact on this problem is to educate these children and make them believe that they are not the problem itself but their surr ounded conditions were the problem. Solving this problem is important, we all need to take an action because we have to live in secure country and have a use of each person in our society to make it a better place to live in and create a better quality of life for everyone without exceptions.

Explain How Rational Organisational Design Business Essay

Explain How Rational Organisational Design Business Essay Rational organisational designs, suggested by Max Weber, rely on logic, order and authority, paying particular attention to the division of labour, promotion by merit and hierarchal control; with the belief that this provides perfection in organisations (French et al, 2009). Organisations implement this design with the optimism of increased efficiency; however, have dismissed social organisation and the impacts this can have. In this essay, rationalisation will be discussed, focusing on the effects it has on an organisation and its employees; concluding with the argument of whether a rational organisational design is desirable for Junction Hotel. Scientific management, established by Frederick Taylor, aims to simplify work by following set principles. These principles routinize work; organising it into repetitive tasks in order to achieve maximum efficiency, giving managers responsibility and a span of control, (Morgan, 2006). TAYLORISM Rational organisational designs develop depending on the size of the business they are used with in. The simple design is often used within organisations with few staff, such as small retail stores. This type of design often has one member of staff, usually the manager, in control of the majority of other employees; the hierarchy design resembling a pyramid, showing the manager has a large span of control. This span of control shifts all responsibility for the organisation of work from the worker to the manager according to Morgan (2006), meaning employees only have to implement the work which is assigned to them by the manager. BUREAUCARCY As a business grows a more complex rational organisational design has to be enforced to ensure that efficiency is still maximised. The more intricate design is known as bureaucracy. The bureaucracy design uses the same principle of the simple design, although has a larger number of managerial staff and specific working departments, developing the chain of command. Bureaucracy design uses more rules and regulations than the simple design, due to the increased number of employees which have authority over other employees. This is so that there is a clear direction of discipline, resulting in all employees knowing who is in charge. This direction is the scalar chain; showing the line of authority due to the unity of command. Also it makes clear what each worker has to achieve, due to it being established by the specific departments. This also means that training for this specific job can be completed by workers, making them more efficient. This is of importance to rational organisations ; for instance, the McDonaldization theory established by Ritzer (2008) states that efficient workers can perform their tasks more rapidly and easily. This is also achieved in bureaucracies by working like clockwork; having staff perform a predetermined set of activities, rest at appointed hours, and then resume their tasks until work is over, as described by Morgan (2006). This is a typical example of how bureaucracies are designed to function. Businesses which have these design characteristics are described by Morgan (2006) as organisations that are designed and operated as if they were machines. It is argued that rational organisational designs help to cut costs and increase control for a business, overall maximising efficiency and having a positive impact on the business; evidenced by various real-life organisations. A typical example of a business today which has used a rational organisational design to achieve this is McDonalds. Ritzer (2008) helps to highlight the effectiveness of the organisational design McDonalds has implemented by quoting Ray Krocs thoughts on the arrangement; I was fascinated by the simplicity and effectiveness of the systemà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ Each step in producing the limited menu was stripped down to its essence and accomplished with a minimum effortà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ This statement from Kroc identifies that McDonalds streamlined processes and organisation has maximised efficiency. By producing limited number of menu choices the business is able to assign set tasks to specified departments, to be completed at a set time; routinizing work. This increases control as the higher authority staff can over-see that the departments are completing their set tasks to ensure the food is made quickly and efficiently in order for customers to receive fast food from McDonalds. Also, by off ering a limited menu, McDonalds cuts costs and as suggested by Ritzer (2008) the limited number of menu items also allows for highly efficient ordering of food and supplies; the business does not use cash buying items which will be wasted due to fall in demand from customers and there is no extension of the streamlined process meaning the employment of further staff or purchase of equipment or supplies. Hotels such as the Travelodge have used rationalisation, in terms of value engineering. Davis (2007) states that businesses, such as the Travelodge, participate in an exercise called value management to optimise their process, trim costs and enhance quality. Value engineering is a result of this activity; where businesses cut costs by taking out the frills which not all customers want. For instance Davis (2007) focuses on how Travelodges dont have shampoo in the bathroom. By following this constituent of rationalisation, the organisation cuts costs, however does not necessarily reduce value for the customer as the business, like Travelodge, will have already weighed up cost versus benefit. The above examples show how rational organisational design is present in businesses today. However, it was first derived in the 1700s by Frederick the Great. Morgan (2006) talks about how Frederick developed rational organisation to increase control amongst his military. Frederick reduced soldiers to automatons by introducing ranks and uniformsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦regulations, increased specialization of tasksà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦command language and systematic trainingà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ By introducing these to the army, the men were taught to fear their officers; increasing the control that the higher ranks of the hierarchy had over the lower ranks. This turned the unruly mob into machines as they now completed commands set by Frederick. This is an example of how rationalisation has increased control, even in the earliest organisations. Despite rational organisational designs evidentially showing positives for businesses, there are likewise negative impacts on both the organisation and workers. If a business implements a rational organisation design then limitations do arise. These are addressed by Morgan (2006); there is great difficulty in adapting to changing circumstances, Ritzer (2008) states that although efficiency is generally a good thing it does cause dehumanization of workers as businesses drive for increased efficiency. This is evidenced an Anonymous BBC article (2010) stating that Bureaucracy hampers social workers', with a fifth of 4,141 social workers agreeing that they had sufficient time to work effectively with the young people on their case load and 50% of those who disagreed said that their workload was simply too large. This is related to the bureaucracy that the organisation has. Staff find it harderà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦to spend time face-to-face with children and families due to the organisational design. This makes the workers feel dehumanized because they have too much paperwork, and not enough time to concentrate on the cases they should be dealing with. This is also supported by Morgan (2006) who states that mechanistic approachesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦can have dehumanizing effects upon employees, especially those at the lower levels of the or ganizational hierarchy and also that assembly-line work is simplyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦alienating. Mechanistic work, which stems from rational organisation also makes staff adopt mindless, unquestioning attitudes, which consequently results in some workers refusing job change, or a new responsibility because they have already a clear idea what is to be done by them due to the management and delegation rationalisation. Looking at this impact in the long term, it is likely that an organisation will find it difficult to change the bureaucracy it has already developed, causing changes in aims for the business also hard to achieve. This is another limitation of rational designs, which is suggested by Morgan (2006) when declaring those working in the organization take precedence over the goals the organization was designed to achieve. The theories and studies behind social organisation also show some negative impacts that rationalisation has. POSTIVE AND NEGATIVES ON BUSINESS/EMPLOYEES ARGUMENT USING SOCIAL DESIGNS IS IT DESIRABLE FOR JUNCTION HOTEL HOW? WHY? ENFORCING IT?

Allergy :: essays research papers

Allergies are especially unique in the medical field because they differ among patients. An allergy is a specific immunologic reaction to a normally harmless substance, one that does not bother most people. People with allergies are often sensitive to many substances. Common allergens that cause allergic reactions include seasonal, outdoor allergens like tree, grass, and weed pollen, and year-round indoor allergens including dust particles, animal dander, and indoor mold. Most people usually can be cured by various treatments. Many people are curious why they are allergic and others are not. The answer to this is that allergies are genetic in almost all cases. Scientists and researchers believe that people inherit a tendency to be allergic, although not to any specific allergen. Children are much more likely to develop allergies if their parents have allergies. Interestingly, people with year-round (perennial) allergies commonly develop the problem as adults, and are more likely to be women than men. Symptoms can lessen as you get older, but they rarely completely disappear without treatment. Patients who usually have allergies suffer from many symptoms due to the allergic reaction(s). Normally, your immune system protects you against invading agents such as bacteria and viruses. Otherwise harmless allergens (allergy-producing substances) cause your body to react as if they were dangerous invaders. In effect, your immune system is responding to a false alarm. Some of the common allergens that disrupt the immune system are animal dander, molds, and dust mites. When you first come into contact with these allergens, your immune system treats the allergen as an invader and mobilizes an attack. The immune system does this by generating large amounts of a type of antibody (a disease-fighting protein) specific to the particular allergen you're allergic to. In the case of pollen allergy, the antibody is specific for each type of pollen: one antibody may be produced to react against oak pollen and another against ragweed pollen. This antibody attaches itself to certain cells in your body. The next time you come into contact with the allergen, the allergen attaches to the antibody like a key fitting into a lock, causing the release of powerful inflammatory chemicals, including histamine. These chemicals move into various parts of your body, such as your respiratory system, to cause allergy symptoms including runny nose, itchy eyes, and sneezing, am ong others. Patients who suffer from allergies usually have some serious disadvantages. Allergy patients usually have trouble sleeping, breathing, and sometimes even eating or drinking depending on the allergy.

Fort Bragg: My First Road Trip Essay -- Personal Narratives Freedom Es

Fort Bragg: My First Road Trip When you are a teenager you reach a certain point in your life when you want to be independent. You get this feeling that you want to do something on your own to prove you can. When I was seventeen, in the fall of 2001, I had that feeling that I needed to do something on my own. I needed an adventure to show everyone that I was old enough to be on my own for once. I needed something exciting and new. I talked to my friend Annie and we came up with a plan for our adventure. We decided to go on a road trip to Fort Bragg in North Carolina, and this is my story. It was our first road trip with no adults to watch over us or to help us in any way. Annie had a cousin named Steve who was a paratrooper at Fort Bragg. Steve was getting ready to leave for Kosovo to go on a peace keeping mission in November. Steve would be gone for six months and Annie wanted to see him before he left. The reason we picked the month of October to go on our road trip was because Annie’s parents were in Germany visiting her sister. If her parents were home then they would not of allowed us to go to North Carolina. Annie called her parents and told them that we were going camping for the weekend. They said Annie could go and to call them when we got to the camp site. Annie’s parents did not trust her, so of course we had to lie a little bit. My mom, on the other hand, was a pretty understanding person so we told her where we were really going. She said that it was okay for us to go, but she did not want me to take my car. I told her that we were taking Annie’s parents Cadillac, but we really did not because they would notice the mileage. Our first choice of a car was Annie’s Volkswage... ... wait was and they said twenty-five minutes, so we put our name on the list. We were shocked; we thought that the wait would be a lot longer than twenty-five minutes. We went outside and sat on a bench in front of the restaurant while we waited. They finally called our name and we went inside. We ordered our food and made small talk while we waited. Then it was time to say goodbye. We followed them to the exit of the base and beeped as we drove away. Road trips are fun and exciting especially if you are on your own. The road trip to Fort Bragg was an excellent adventure and I will always remember it. The trip was also a good experience for my first road trip. Sure some embarrassing events occurred during the trip, but it was all in fun. I can not wait until my next adventure. I know it will be as wild and crazy, if not more, as my first road trip was.

Is it ethical to expel children carrying drugs or alcohol to school

Last year, over â€Å"1000 schoolchildren were suspended, excluded or expelled from New Zealand schools last year for drugs or alcohol-related offences, with the youngest aged 8† (Stuff, 2013). The Ministry of Education released figures showing that one In ten children who had action taken against them in relation to substances in the year 2012, was under 12 years of age (Stuff, 2013). The Education Amendment Act has come under scrutiny as It priorities the right to privacy of students.Effectively It means that schools would lose their authority to search and seize narcotics and conduct random drug tests. This, many educationalists argue, would worsen the problem. The ethical Issue that arises In this case amongst others Is whether schools should continue to retain their search and seizure powers or should the privacy of the students be given priority as per the Education Amendment Bill. Another key issue that is begging resolution is the dilemma of whether or not, children fo und in possession of drugs and alcohol, should be expelled or excluded.Is expulsion of a child found In possession of narcotics in the best Interests of society and the child In question? It is important to also mention that since most of the children procured the absences from a knowing or unknowing adult, should the adult be vicariously responsible for the child take responsibility and face the consequences Instead of letting the child take the fall? Is It not the responsibility of the parent to ensure that children stay away from vices until they are old enough to judge for themselves?Due 1 OFF expulsion and attempt to provide some insight into whether or not it is the best course of action to employ. Thomas Hobbes (1651) proposed the idea that â€Å"in order to flourish, we need a peaceful, cooperative social order† (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 0). Hobbes goes on to say that if there were no institutions to enforce order, we would be free to do whatever we wanted. This wo uld eventually lead to a state of perpetual chaos. He has called this state of chaos â€Å"the state of nature† and it's opposite â€Å"civil state† (Reaches & Reaches, 2010).This means that in order to live harmoniously, we must abide by a set of rules that are accepted by everyone and applies to everyone equally. Hobbes was of the opinion that the four basic facts about human life were the reason for the existence of this social contract. He theorized firstly, that each of us requires the same basic things in order to survive, secondly, scarcity is omnipresent and we need to work hard to produce the things we need. Third on the list is the equality of human power (united we stand, divided we fall).Finally, there is limited altruism, which implies that we cannot assume that others will stand down when their interests conflict with ours. Since we do not learn the accepted rules of society on our own, we have schoolteachers and parents who amongst other things teach us how to behave in a socially acceptable manner. School helps us learn to build and maintain relationships. Most importantly attending school empowers us with knowledge to survive in the real world. Take school out of the equation and that leaves Just parents.Now consider the case of a young child who has gotten himself expelled for being curious about his parent's secret drug stash. Unable to attend school, he might not realize the difference between a Joke and a crime because he is unaware of right and wrong, socially acceptable and unacceptable. He may develop an insecurity employ as he probably feels helpless and is shunned by his parents. These factors might lead him to become a criminal or worse, a drug addict. It is quite obvious that criminals and drug addicts are anti-social elements that need to be removed from the setting.It is safe to say that not all criminals are school dropouts however, most addicted to drugs haven't been educated about the consequences of substance abu se and are helplessly addicted. The Social Contract Theory maintains that we need a social order in order to flourish. The only way to eliminate most of anti-social elements is to ensure that kids found in possession of drugs or alcohol remain in school to learn how to behave appropriately, and eventually grow up to become conscientious and responsible adults.The theory of Utilitarianism as stated by Reaches & Reaches (2010) encompasses three categories. Firstly, actions can be Judged to be right or wrong depending on the consequences it brings about. Secondly, in terms of examining consequences, all that matters is the amount of happiness or unhappiness the action in question creates; person is more important than the other. This means that actions should be Judged as right or wrong depending on the amount of happiness or unhappiness everyone experiences as a consequence.Thus a deduction can be made that Utilitarian are essentially consequentialness, as they determine the ethical v alue based on an answer to the question â€Å"what would happen as a result of doing it? † (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 111). Utilitarianism is divided into two categories namely, Act and Rule Utilitarianism. Act Utilitarian believe that an action must be Judged by the consequences it causes (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 22). Rule Utilitarian believe that an action must be Judged on the consequence of the action becoming the norm that everyone lived by (Reaches & Reaches, 2010, p. 18-119). Therefore it can be said that Utilitarianism Judges actions based on whether they yield the best consequences and happiness for everyone or not. Upon application of the Utilitarian approach to the issue of expulsion, the action of excluding children who are found in possession of narcotics or alcohol would produce two possible consequences. Firstly, because the child has been expelled, he ay lose interest in studying altogether. It is a proven fact that schools provide a protective environme nt that shields people from drug abuse (Bell, 2013).If they are unable to stay in that protected environment before entering the proverbial ‘real world' there is a chance that they may be negatively influenced and resort to a life of crime, drug abuse and other anti-social behavior. The second consequence of one child caught in possession of drugs being expelled could serve as an example to the other children. This might cause them to refrain from coming in contact with drugs earning punishment.Although the second consequence appears to be feasible, as many children would benefit from one child being expelled and being made an example of, it is not guaranteed that other children will not indulge in drugs and alcohol outside school. Also, going by Rule Utilitarianism, if expelling children became the norm, crime, unemployment and illiteracy rates would rise and this in turn would affect the entire nation negatively. Therefore, Act and Rule Utilitarian would agree that expelling children found in possession of narcotics would be very unethical, as it loud cause much more unhappiness than happiness.Also, since Utilitarian believe that everyone's happiness is equal, and that motives and intentions don't matter, causing unhappiness to one child and to the general population in the long run by expelling him from school is something they would advocate against. In conclusion, I have explored the idea of a Social Contract and the Utilitarian approach in terms of the case to determine whether or not expelling children found to be in possession of narcotics or alcohol is ethical. Taking into consideration theSocial Contract, and the possible consequences of Act and Rule based Utilitarianism I have deduced that expulsion or exclusion from school is not the best course of action. In order to suit everyone's interests, it is crucial that the kids remain in school where they have the opportunity to learn about narcotics and socially acceptable behavior in a controlled and protected environment. After all, they are children, unable to distinguish between right and wrong, and in this case, it is imperative that Children are the future of any country and it is our moral duty to ensure that all sections we take have their best interests at heart.

Illegal Immigration: Too Large a Burden on America

Illegal Immigration in addition Large a Burden on the States Households headed by misappropriated aliens oblige more(prenominal) than 26. 3 zillion dollars in cost on the federal governing bodyand p attention tho 16 bingle million million million dollars in appraisees, creating a net fiscal deficit of almost 10. 4 billion dollars, or two thousand cardinal hundred dollars per black-market household (Miller 1). nearly(prenominal) flock would argue that immi fall ins come to the States to invite jobs that no one else will do, but the smuggled immigrants atomic number 18 in fact draining cordial serve and stealing free wellness forethought benefits.In addition, immigrants throw little or no taxes to benefit the neighborly run and wellness trouble addrs that they drain. By doing so, the Ameri faecal matter tax expecters must take on the mellow wrong of the the Statesn governing body twist a blind eye to the illegal immigrants rushing in. Yes, illegal immi grants take non so pleasant jobs, but its non worth the high price of social services and health c ar they impose. Although legalized in-migration is what this acres was founded on in the 1700s, in modern day America galore(postnominal) feel it is becoming too large a burden on the Ameri discharge tax payers to stop the inflow of illegal immigrants to the United States.The trouble of immigration can be solved if we focalise more restrictions on who is allowed in to our province, and allow more sufficient bodied, skilled workers in or else of letting each(prenominal) dogshit story have antecedency. Paul Hina, motive of Illegal Immigration ( Contemporary Issues Companion), states that due(p) to illegal immigration and because U. S. immigration form _or_ system of government slants toward admitting relatives preferably than immigrants with needed work put down skills, our immigration system literally imports poverty (Hina 2).So quite of benefiting America with ski lled workers, un educated, poor immigrants be admitted and abandoned full benefits of the social services they dont deserve. Rachel Alexander, integrityyer and coeditor of IntellectualConservatives. com, argues illegal immigration is a major problem in the United States because illegal immigrants pay no taxes yet consume upbeat resources at the tax payers expense contact security has not stemmed the soar upwards of illegal immigrants, so the government should counsel instead on depriving them of social tending so that they will not be disinclined to sneak in to the agricultural (Haugen 1).Providing illegal immigrants with social aid is wrong, because not only should they not be in our coarse, they are supported present by citizens tax dollars. The social services of this pastoral is one of the reasons immigrants rush over here in the first come forth, so if we place more restrictions on who can become social aid, they wont be so encouraged to hop the border. The immens e amounts of immigrants who enter this unsophisticated illegally engage American citizens suffer economically and physically.Jamuna Carroll, antecedent of galore(postnominal) young adult books, stresses how can we ask working families of atomic number 20 many of whom have taken out rich loans to finance their childrens fostering and many of whom will never be able to afford to send their children to college to subsidize the teaching method of those who should not be in our country at all? (Carroll 2). Citizens in slightly states are now obligated to pay taxes to help illegal immigrants pay less(prenominal) for the same college education.It is unfair to provide immigrants who are here illegally, with discounts to public colleges and held as a priority over American citizens, who are burdened with taxes that pay for their discounts, in fact, the immigrants should not even be able to cite public colleges since they are breaking the law by being here, and colleges shouldnt grant acceptance to them. Carroll further suggests no one require a college degree to bear out health and welfare and education is not a human right, as some of the proponents of this goofy attitude about charge subsidies for illegals suggest (Carroll 2).Education is not an inalienable right. nowhere in the constitution does it state education is an essential and necessary right the government must provide all who travel within the borders. California should not do this view on their state residents because illegal immigrants should not benefit from education discounts when California citizens have to pay the hefty bill. overly by placing more restrictions on social aid programs, the tax payers wont be so burdened with unuseable taxes to pay for illegal aliens, who dont provide any benefits to the country.The United States should rat educated skilled workers a priority in the immigration insurance and place more restrictions on social aid to solve the immigration crisis. Lor i Newman, writer for the Greenhaven Press, reminds us, every legal immigrant before 1924 was examined for infectious diseases upon arriver and tested for tuberculosis. Anyone infected was shipped hold to their country of origintodayillegal aliens plainly cross our borders medically unexamined, hiding in their bodies any number of diseases (Newman 3). In 1924, only the healthiest and most educated could be admitted ntrance in to America, the land of opportunities, now the poorest and least educated immigrants with innumerable amounts of diseases flood into our country every day. Those with diseases once rare in our country infect and burden the American health care system. The United States should enforce more restrictions on social and the immigration policy so we can stop these diseases from infecting our people. America should stop act to enforce rights that do not exist on people who should not be in our country and pay more attention to those expiry because of the people wh o bring the diseases in illegally.Many Americans gybe the United States needs to stop trying to provide for illegal immigrants within our borders and center on legal citizens who give back to the country through taxes. Statistics show approximately 480,000 family-based immigrants and 140,000 employment based immigrants, as well as around 80,000 refugees and 20,000 immigrants seeking institution come in every stratum and stay because they are given health care, welfare and discounts on colleges with no costs to them (Haugen 1). Tax paying Americans are throe while illegal aliens are given health care and welfare.The government needs to crack down on social services and help their fellow countrymen rather than uneducated and poor immigrants from which American reaps no benefits. Immigrants are what America was founded on, but citizens announce that today they come in and take advantage of what America has to offer instead of those who first came to our country, ready to work and provide for their country. America needs to realize they cant help everyone who asks, there is patently not enough resources or money, oddly in these discouraging economic times. serving those who give America, not those who take advantage. whole kit and boodle Cited Carroll, Jamuna. Subsidizing college Tuition for Illegal Immigrants is Unfair. opposing Views choice Center. Gale. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Haugen, David. Illegal Immigrants Should be stop From conk outing universe Services. Opposing Views alternative Center. Gale. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Hina, Paul. Illegal Immigrants Are Abusing the Public Health System. Opposing Views Resource Center. Gale. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Miller, Debra. Illegal Immigrants Create a Drain on the U. S. Government. Opposing Views Resource Center. Gale. Web. 20 Oct. 2010. Newman, Lori. Illegal Immigrants Threaten U. S. Health Care. Opposing ViewsResource Center. Gale. Web. 20 Oct. 2010.

Question Paper

COMMON GUIDELINES FOR MODEL QUESTION theme PATTERN In view of current challenges in imbibing fictional character in MBA education, the quest changes ar proposed by the Board of Examination in the evaluation pattern of I Semester MBA from Jan/Feb 2012 examination on wards. piss of wonder Paper tout ensemble 8 Modules should be minded(p) impressiveness and searchs need to be cloak-and-dagger from all modules. zero(prenominal) app arnt motion should be curry from practical comp starnt part of the syllabus. Theory found courses Subjects Knowledge found questions 1.Any 3 questions to be recepti mavind by setting 6 questions. 2. entirely modules must be abandoned equal importance 12MBA11, 12MBA12,12MBA15 and 12MBA16 Q1- 3 + 7 +10 Q2- 3 + 7 +10 Q3- 3 + 7 +10 Q4- 5+5+10 Q5- 5+5+10 Q6- 5+15 or 10+10 nary(prenominal)e In 12 MBA 12, superstar liberal question (all parts) consisting of mere(a) conundrums from Mod 3 (Except Demand prospecting) and Mod 8 solo to be set. Q7- a. b. c. d. 5X4 = 20 marks Q8. a. metaphysical model for analyzing mooring b. Sub question 1 c. Sub question 2 d.Sub question 3 5X4=20 tag Theory+ Problem found courses (40% Theory + 60% Problems) 12MBA13& 12MBA14 Q1- 3 + 7 +10 Q2- 3 + 7 +10 Q3- 3 + 7 +10 Q4- 5+5+10 Q5- 5+5+10 Q6- 5+15 or 10+10 nary(prenominal)e One spacious question (all parts) must be blanket(a) of practicableness only Skill ground questions 1. One question Compulsory 2. Equal importance must be take holdn for all modules Ability based question(s) expression let Compulsory Q7- a. b. c. d. 5X4 = 20 marks Q8. 10+10 or 5+15 or 5X4=20 Problem and / or theory combination. cognitive content of Question Paper opus-A Knowledge based questions (Q1 to Q6 arrange whatsoever 3) A. Mark questions Short questions which assume answer non much than a paragraph and which tribulation the under indorseing of purpose of the circumscribe official in the syllabus. answering this should non chance on more th an 4 legal proceeding by an bonny student. B. 5 label questionsSemi-descriptive questions which remove answer non more than twain paragraphs and which ravel the understanding of concept and / or domain of the concept or short cable. tell this should not take more than 7 minutes by an number student. C. attach questionsDescriptive questions which accept answer not more than 0ne p trounceride which test the understanding of the compass and description of the circumscribe or moderate difficulty of the syllabus. exerciseing this should not take more than 10 minutes by an average student. D. 10 tag questionsEs judge questions which command answer not more than 3 pages which test the understanding of concept with practical illust rations of the contents or long moving in of the syllabus. stateing this should not take more than 15 minutes by an average student. E. 5 label questionsNarrative Essay question which leases answer not more 4 pages which test the narrativ e ability of student related to the concept and its scope with practical illustrations or a genuinely lengthy problem of the syllabus. swear outing this should not take more than 22 minutes by an average student. power-B Skill based questions (Q7 Compulsory) 5 tag X 4 QuestionsThis question tests the degree of skill acquired by the student in the subject atomic number 18a of prescribed syllabus. This should cover the application part of the contents of the syllabus. Answering this should not take more than 30 minutes by an average student.Part-C Ability based questions (Q8 Compulsory) 5 tag Question This question is to test the plectron of theoretical model spendd in case compend. 5 attachX3 Questions These questions be to test ability acquired by the bookmans to psycho disassemble the case and to picture the trivial solutions to the case situation. Answering this should not take more than 30 minutes by an average student. Note Refer Question edge and model question s tudy(s) for more clarity. 12MBA11 MANAGING THE fundamental law homunculus Skill based questions 1. An employee is dissatisfied as he was reporting to cardinal bosses. ow do you put to work this problem? -Fayals Principles 2. An Honest individual is make in charge of market department. In due(p) course he developed negative duty efficacy how do you address this problem? -Role disablement 3. In the sky the clouds take the different shapes of imagination. wherefore? Perception 4. Sham got his double increment in salary of Jan 2012. His motivational graph turned stilt by July 2012 by and by(prenominal) settling his proposed budget for that calendar month. describe wherefore? Maslows 5. Defense people atomic number 18 more effective than civilian substantiate-Leadership genius 6. Modern Indian oversight is more virile rather than traditional keep buttonTheory X and Theory Y 7. The verboten punch eon of a boss go a way of life be jump out punch in an memorial tabl et Substantiate. pre positionncy Culture 8. While reworking the defective product, more mistakes will happen Substantiate. Work stress 9. The CEO is thought of uniformity of implementation, where as the marketing executive decoct for high action to match the demand Who is reprobate? wherefore? Strategic and operational conclusiveness do Managing Organisations-12MBA11 computer simulation Question paper PART- A Answer every three full questions 1 (a) do Personality. b) What ar the different types of Control? cast off an congresswoman for each. (c) develop the managerial roles expected by groundbreaking organizations. 2. (a) What is empowerment? (b) Differentiate in the midst of groups and teams. (c) develop the personalisedity attri scarcelyes influencing OB. 3. (a) What is Esprit de Corps? (b) Planning and Controlling ar indispensable. notice (c ) justify the perceptual surgical process with suited examples 4. (a) What is an ideal span of control? where fore? (5marks) (5 marks) (3 marks) (7 marks) (10 marks) (3 marks) (7 marks) (10 marks) (3 marks) (7 marks) (10 marks) b) alike many controls in an organization declines creativity. Comment. ( C) An employee is exceedingly productive, alone has been studying signs of work stress and is face problems adapting to organization culture. As a manager how would you traction this employee? (10 marks) 5. (a ) bring up the proficiencys used in decision making? Which technique will you hire? (5 marks) (b) put out a commemorate on contribution of Peter F Drucker to the ontogenesis of management thought. (5 marks) (C) accede the different types of organization structures in use? Explain any one 6. (a) What are the dimensions of aroused intelligence ? b) State any five principles of atomic add up 1 Fayal. (c ) Explain the role of emotions in the formation of emplacement . (10 marks) (5 marks) (5 marks) (10 marks) PART- B ( compulsory) 4X5 attach=20 7. (a). Abnormal features eer direct long perceptivity. wherefore? (b) Setting objective in advance and chasing is good for separate and organization. Substantiate (c) It has often been stated that most work within an organization is done informally. Comment (d) In sophisticated organization, the employee and employer relationship is mandatory. However, the conflicts arise. How do you resolve this? 8. Case meditate PART- C (compulsory) Mr.Ranjan Kumar is the Managing Director of a soap manufacturing caller-up. To adjoin gross gross gross trades, the Board of Directors necessityed to start a full fledged marketing department Mr. Kumar is entrusted with the t beseech of decision a suitable candidate to stop the proposed marketing department. later on considering a number of candidates, he has contract down his choice to deuce persons Vishwanath Dutt and Rajnarain. Mr. Vishwanath Dutt has excellent hatch record in the familiarity. During his fruitful association with the company, to be precise 10 course of instructions, he has invariably shown a high degree of en consequentlyiasm and initiative in his work.He is still young (35 age) dynamic and aggressive. He is ensue oriented and he is more raise in ends rather than soakeds. One of the workers testifying his cart trackers quality remarked thus Though he is harsh at quantify you will bonk where you stand when you work with him. When you move over done a good job, he lets you know it. Mr. Dutt is willing to shoulder additional responsibilities. He locates things cursorily and when action is essendial. He is al shipway on his toes?. During his 15 years tenure in the company, Mr. Rajnarain has endeared himself to all his colleagues by his pukka workman ship and pleasing manners.He always believes in the principle of employee participation in the decision making process. Unlike Mr. Dutt, he encourages his subordinates to come out with innovative ideas and useful projections. Before arriving at a decision he alwa ys makes it a make up to consult his subordinate. Not amazingly, all his subordinates are very pleased to work under him and praise his leadership qualities. Company records also bear evidence for the summation in the intersection soon after Rajnarain became the head of his department. Questions a. b. c. d. (5X4=20 marks)State the theoretical model used to analyze this case. Analyze the leadership qualities and styles of Mr. Dutt. Analyse the leadership qualities and styles of Mr. Rajnarain. Whom do you recommend for the position of marketing manager? why? 12MBA12-managerial Economics Some Skill found take in Questions and Problems 1. Prospective car buyers are nightimes confronted by sales representatives who argue that they can offer a vehicle that is Honda Civic as good as a BMW, but at one-half the outlay. drug abuse the in diversity concept to justify why the drives of the sales representative are not credible. 2.Following a toll change for Diet Coke, explain how re tailers use sales knowledge to learn if Lays snack chips represent a complement or substitute for Diet Coke. 3. During the retiring(a) 40 years the average toll of a new single-family home has risen by a factor of ten, making the cost of ho use prohibitive for many Indians. Over the same time frame, however, the number of units sell per year has more than doubled. Are these selective breeding in legitimate with the idea of a downward-sloping demand edit out for new housing? 4. What would an upward-sloping demand trim down imply around the marginal utility derived from ingestion?Why arent upward sloping demand curves detect in the real world? 5. Forecasting the winner of new product introductions is difficult. depict some of the frugal factors that a pissed might consider in forecasting sales for a new tooth foregonee. 6. Individual consumer demand declines for inferior goods as personal income increases because consumers deputize them with more desirable alternatives. Is an inverse relation amongst demand and national income likely for such products? 7. The harm a staunch receives for its product is Rs. 50 per unit. Its tally cost function is 8000 + 10Q. At what quantity do get along costs equal bring revenues? 8.KSRTC (Volvo Service) dupe a susceptibility to carry a maximum of 10,000 passengers per month from Bangalore to Hyderabad at a fare of Rs. 600. varying costs are Rs. atomic number 6 per passenger and persistent costs are Rs. 30,000 per month. How many passengers should be carried per month to break even? 9. Suppose you are a sales manager of an organization. Explain how the analysis of demand contributes to headache decision making, in the light of the responsibilities of a managerial economist/sales manager 10. Mr. Balakrishnan, the research manager for marketing at the Maruti Udyog Limited has qualify the pursual demand function for Maruti alto K10 in IndiaQm= f (Pm,N,I,PH,PG,A P1) Where Qm, is the quantity demanded of Maruti Alto K10 per year, Pm is the price of Maruti Alto K10, N is population, I is the disposable income, PH is price of Hyundai, PG is price of gasoline, A is the amount of advertisement on Maruti Alto K10 and P1 is credit incentive to bargain for Maruti Alto K10. Indicate whether you expect each nonparasitic or explanatory variable to be like a shot or inversely related to the quantity demanded of Maruti Alto K10 and the reason for your expectation. 11.Construct a hypothetical cost plan and bring out the cost output relationships in the short sacking betwixt output and TC, TFC, TVC, AC, AFC, AVC 12. The demand function for Pepsi in Bangalore metropolis is Q=400-4P Where, Q=Quantity demanded of Pepsi (in 000 stores per week), P=Price of Pepsi per bottle, Construct a demand curve assuming price Rs. 10, 12, 15, 20 and 25 per bottle 13. A firm manufactures cars at its plant in India. At a capacity of one C cars per week it knows that it has an assembly cost of Rs. 5,000 pe r car. It needs to expand production and does a series of workout and cost exercises.The solutions are summarized below. 12MBA12 MANAGERIAL ECONOMICS Time 3 Hours All Questions carry equal marks MODEL newspaper Max attach 100 Part- A Answer Any Three questions 1. a. influence managerial economics 3 Marks b. Suppose you are a sales manager of an organization. Explain how the analysis of demand contributes to disdain decision making, in the light of the responsibilities of a sales manager. 7 Marks c. What conditions are requirement onward price discrimination is both possible and breadable? Why does price discrimination result in higher profits? 10 Marks 2. a. What is marginal cost? Marks b. Mention the undischarged features of long run average cost curve. What is its consequence in managerial decision making? 7 Marks c. Price leadership is an alternative co-operative order used to avoid tough competition. Comment 10 Marks 3. a. What is Kink Demand curvature? 3 marks b. Critically examine the Cyert and butt behavioral theory of the firm. 7 Marks c. What is production function? How does a long run production function is different from a short run production function? 10 Marks 4. a. directorial economics bridges the gap between economic theory and business practice. discuss 5 Marks b. discuss the types of cartels with suitable examples from India 5 Marks c. Describe why Long Run Average constitute (LAC) curve is called as Planning Curve and gasbag curve. 10 Marks 5. a. State the Law of Supply. arguing the factors which de terminaline the e proceedicity of supply. 5 Marks b. Discuss respective(a) cost concepts 5 Marks c. It is believed that a firm under perfect competition is a price-taker and not a price maker Explain with examples. 10 Marks 6. a. What is the introductory objective of a firm? Distinguish between Accounting gain ground? and Economic Profit? ith the help of an illustration. 5 Marks b. Profit is maximum when the difference betw een tote up revenue and total cost is the greatest. How is this equivalent to tell that profit is maximum when MR=MC? 10 Marks Part B (Compulsory) 7. a. KSRTC (Volvo Service) look at a capacity to carry a maximum of 10,000 passengers per month from Bangalore to Hyderabad at a fare of Rs. 600. Variable costs are Rs. 100 per passenger and fixed costs are Rs. 30,000 per month. How many passengers should be carried per month to break even? 5 Marks b. Suppose you are a sales manager of an organization.Explain how the analysis of demand contributes to business decision making, in the light of the responsibilities of a managerial economist/sales manager 5 Marks c. Construct a hypothetical cost scroll and bring out the cost output relationships in the short run between output and TC, TFC, TVC, AC, AFC, AVC 5 Marks d. The demand function for Pepsi in Bangalore city is Q=400-4P where, Q=Quantity demanded of Pepsi (in 000 bottles per week), P=Price of Pepsi per bottle, Construct a demand curve assuming price Rs. 10, 12, 15, 20 and 25 per bottle 5 marks Part C (Compulsory) 8.Case Study 20 Marks The quantify of India is one of the leading newspapers in India. In phratry 1972, it reduced its price from 45 paisa to 20 paisa per paper while the prices of its rivals remained unchanged. The number of news papers sold by TOI and its rivals was as follows Paper August-1972 May-1973 3,55,000 5,18,000 TOI 10,24,000 9,93,000 Statesman 3,92,000 4,02,000 The Hindoo 2,77,000 Hindustan Times 3,25,000 a. Analyze the case and summarize using appropriate concepts studied 5 Marks b. Based on the supra information, find out the price elasticity of demand for TOI state whether it is elastic or inelastic. 5 Marks c.Whether the cross elasticity of demand between Statesman and TOI positive or electronegative? 5 Marks d. find oneself possible reasons why demand for Hindustan Times decreased? 5 Marks decimal Methods I (12MBA13) Model Skill based questions for Q 7 1. Colgate toothpaste s ales in Banashankari zone have dipped in last three weeks. endeavor Research method for analyzing this. ( focal point problem + explorative research+) 2. The genteelness effectiveness ext cease to employee has to be tested suggest the type of research? Why? (Experimental research) 3. Define the target population for the research problem Employee absenteeism 4. diesel price is hiked by 7 pm. On the same daylight by 9 pm news the opinion on hike has to be telecasted. mention the process of research design. (Non- opportunity sampling +Diesel vehicle owners + Interview technique) 5. The impact of Advertisement on sales is to be analyzed suggest the tools used. Why? ( Correlation) 6. The bus arriving at a terminal is to be forecasted. Suggest which method is used? Why? ( Probability) 7. The past sales records are addressable is it possible to forecast the future sales? How? ( Regression) 8. Is it possible to test the opinion given by the gender mix? How? ( qi Square Test) 9.An op inion is collected between two strata employee on Dissatisfaction. How do you test the difference in opinion among the group and between the groups? Explain( Two way ANOVA) 10. In the research output the take to be of deprivation of data validation is 0. 25. Then how this value is reason? ( Multi variate Regression( 1- R Square )= 0. 25 ) Quantitative Methods I (12MBA13) Model Question Paper term 180 Minutes Max Marks 100 Part A Answer any 3 questions 1. a) Differentiate management problem with research problem. b) State the Characteristics of good greenbackment c) State and explain the contents of report writing in detail. 3 M) (7 M) (10 M) 2 a) Define sampling? b) State the procedure of assumption testing. c) The sales and advertisement expenses of a firm is given below Firm gross sales (Rs. Lakhs) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 (3 M) (7 M) (10 M) 10 50 50 55 60 65 65 65 60 60 50 Expenses (Rs. Lakhs) 11 13 14 16 16 15 15 14 13 13 Calculate the co-efficient of correlativity and commen t 3 a)Differentiate between census and survey. ( 3 M) b) The median and mode of the quest wage dispersion are known to be Rs. 33. 5 and 34. If the total number of workers is 230, find the missing frequencies. (7 M) Wages (in Rs) No. f workers 0-10 4 10-20 16 20-30 X1 30-40 X2 40-50 X3 50-60 6 60-70 4 c) The marks scored by set of students are given below Marks (Economics) 25 28 35 32 31 36 29 38 34 32 Marks (Statistics) 43 46 49 41 36 32 31 30 33 39 (10 M) Construct the turnabout equations. Calculate the most likely mark in statisticswhen mark in economics is 30. 4 a). After settlement the average weekly wage in a factory had increased from Rs 800 to Rs 1 two hundred and the standard parenthesis has increased from Rs 100 to Rs 150. Comment on the uniformity of the wages before and after the settlement. 5 M) b). An aero flat flies around a uncoiled the sides of which measure 100 km each. The aero plane covers at a speed of 100km/hr the first side, at 200 km/hr the second side , at ccc km/hr the third side and at 400 km/hr the aside side. What is the average speed of the aero plane around the substantial? (5 M) c). A company maintains two regional offices. It is interested in knowing whether or not in that location are hearty differences in the proportions of smokers in two offices. In regional office A, a ergodic sample of 70 employees was taken and it was found that 40 percent were smokers.In regional office B, a random sample of 100 employees indicated 55 as smokers. Is the difference between the proportions of smokers in the two regional offices significant? 5 a). State the steps carried out in ANOVA test b). Substantiate the power of lit review (5 M) (5 M) (10M) c). Three machines A, B and C cite respectively 60%, 30% and 10% of the total number of levels of a factory. The percentages of defective output of these machines are respectively 2%, 3% and 4%. An item is selected at random and is found defective. Find the probability that the item wa s produced by machine C. 6 a).Differentiate between Liketrs scale & semantic differential scale. (5 M) b). An aero plane flies around a square the sides of which measure 100 km each. The aero plane covers at a speed of 100km/hr the first side, at 200 km/hr the second side, at 300 km/hr the third side and at 400 km/hr the forth side. What is the average speed of the aero plane around the square? (5 M) c). Find i) Inter quartile Range ii) Quartile deviation iii) Coefficient of Quartile deviation for the pursuit distribution. (10M) Class Frequency 0-15 15-30 30-45 45-60 60-75 75-90 90-105 8 26 30 45 20 17 4 Part B (Compulsory) 7 a).After applying the correlation test for the Variables Student execution with teacher performance the computed value for r is determined as 0. 9. Suggest your interpretation of results. (5M) b). In Z test, the table value is 1. 96 and computed value is 2. 0. State the result of Hypothesis. (5M) c). Increase in sales is not due to only advertisements Do yo u tick off? What type of statistic test is to be employ in this case? (5M) d). The research involves sample of less than 30 . The analysis is done based on prostrate data. To test the Hypothesis which type of test is required? Why? (5M) Part C (Compulsory) 8 (a).Design a questionnaire to the research problem Corporate Adaptability of New employee (10 M) (b). The unemployment problem in India is increasing. In this background it is required to suggest the set of remedial measure to reduce the problem. Suggest a research Design for this problem. (10 M) Accounting For Management (12MBA14) Skill Based Questions (For Part-B- Q. No. 7- 5 Marks Each) 1) The gross total Income of Mr. Raju who is an employee of a private company aged about 49 years is Rs. 295000 for the perspicacity year 2012-13, he want to reduce the task liability. How do you assist him to reduce his tax liability? ) If you are a auditor of a company what key elements you look for to assess the accuracy of the fi scal records? 3) Which ratio, out of fixed assets turnover and net cost turnover, to your mind is more useful for analyising efficiency? Why? 4) Why do you think Liquidity ratio tomboys a key role in intrusting fabrication? Comment. 5) Why capital is treated as a liability?. liberate. 6) A firm purchases 50 piece of furniture outlay Rs. 500000. A financial accountant of the firm has recorded only Rs. 500000 in journal & ledger, but not 50 no. s of furnitures. get a line using suitable accounting concept. ) correspondence tatter is a statement, but not an account. Comment. 8) assume out the role played by the unified principle in the determination of business performance and financial position. 9) Is accrual basis of accounting is superior to funds basis of accounting in meeting the economic decision making needs of the users of financial statements? Why or Why not? 10) financial statements are the only basis for measuring the performance of a company. Comment. 12MBA14 Accounting Time 3 hrs. for Management Model Question Paper Max. Marks 100 Note 1. Answer any triad full questions from Part-A. 2.Part-B and Part-C are compulsory. Part-A 1. a. What is Contra entry? Give example. b. Write a short on role of rhetorical Accountant (3 Marks) (7 Marks) c. Give accounting equation for the by-line transactions of Hitesh for the year 2009. Started business with bills Rs. 18,000. (10 Marks) i. pay rent in advance Rs. 400. ii. Purchased goods for cash Rs. 5000 and on credit Rs. 2,000. iii. Sold goods for cash Rs. 4,000 (costing Rs. 2,400). iv. Rent paying(a) Rs. 1,000 and rent outstanding Rs. 200. v. Bought motor-cycle for personal use Rs. 500. vi. Purchased equipments for cash Rs. 500. vii. Paid to creditors Rs. 600. iii. depreciation on equipment Rs. 25. ix. job expenses Rs. 400. 2. a. What is MAOCARO? (3 Marks) b. Explain the need and benefit of Corporate Governance. (7 Marks) c. Record the following transaction in three column cash book. (10 Mark s) 1/3/2008 opened a Bank account with capital Rs. 1, 00,000 & cash in feed Rs. 40,000. 3/3/2008 paid into Bank Rs. 10,000. 5/3/2008 Bought Goods for Rs. 3,800 and paid by cheque. 6/3/2008 Sold goods for cash Rs. 2,600 & deposited the same into the Bank. 7/3/2008 Sold goods to Mr. X an account Rs. 10,000. 10/3/2008 Paid Mr. A by cheque Rs. 240 receiving a discount of Rs. 10. 5/3/2008 true a cheque from Mr. Vikas Rs. 1080 and allowed him dismiss Rs. 20. 16/3/2008 Received a cheque from Mr. Santhosh Rs. 4000. . 3. a. List out any six items deductible under Section 80C. (3 Marks) b. On 0 foremost January, 2010, the following were the ledger dimensions of Gopal and Co. Cash in tidy sum Rs. 900/- Cash at bank Rs. 21, 000/- Soni (Cr) Rs 3, 000/- Zahir (Dr) Rs. 2, 400/- express Rs. 12, 000/- Prasad (Cr) Rs. 6, 000/- Sharma (Dr) Rs. 4, 500/- Lall (Cr) Rs. 2, 700/- Ascertain capital. Transactions during the month were Journalize the above transactions. (7 Marks) 2010 Jan 2. Bought goo ds of Prasad Rs. , 700/Jan 3. Sold to Sharma Rs. 3, 000/Jan 5. Bought goods of Lall for cash, paid by cheque Rs. 3, 600/- Jan 7. crawfish cash for personal use Rs. 200/Jan 13. Recived from Zahir in full settlement Rs. 2, 350/Jan 17. Paid to Soni in full settlement Rs. 2, 920/Jan 29. Paid to Prasad by cheque Rs. 2, 650/- and Discount allowed by him Rs. 50/- c. From the following information fix Cash Flow account by corroboratory Method. (10 Marks) COMPARATIVE BALANCE SHEET OF EXCELLENT LTD. , Liabilities & As at As at Assets As at As at capital 31. 03. 2008 31. 03. 2007 31. 03. 2008 31. 03. 2007 Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.Share Capital bear & Surplus Secured Loans contemporary Liabilities 50,00,000 15,00,000 35,00,000 50,00,000 40,00,000 placed Assets 31,00,000 30,00,000 Investments 1,50,000 5,00,000 Cash and Bank 40,00,000 poises 2,00,000 1,25,000 60,00,000 Stocks, Stores, 75,00,000 78,75,000 WIP 40,00,000 35,00,000 Sundry Debtors 1,45,00,000 1,50,00,000 1,45,00,000 1,50,00,000 (i) The net profit for the year after adjustment in respect of provisions for dividends and revenue was Rs. 10,00,000 There was addition to Fixed Assets during the year amounting to Rs. 4,00,000 and derogation for the year was Rs. 3,00,000 4 a. What is Qualified Audit depict?State its contents (5 Marks) b. What is direct tax? State the Income tax rates for an individual for the actual A. Y. (5 Marks) c. The following trial run Balance has been bring ind wrongly. You are asked to prepare the trial balance correctly. (10 Marks) Name of accounts Debit balance (Rs. ) 4,000 Credit balance (Rs. ) 2,000 Cash in leave Purchases returns Wages Establishment expenses Sales returns Capital turnout outward Discount original Commission pull in Machinery Stock Debtors Creditors Sales Purchases Bank overdraft Manufacturing expenses Loan from Ashok ambler inward Interest on investment golden total ,000 12,000 22,000 1,200 800 8,000 28,000 14,000 -14,000 , molar concentration 1,13,000 8, 000 2,000 20,000 10,000 -12,000 44,000 -14,000 1000 1,13,000 5. a. State the objectives of IFRS. b. Briefly explain the merit & demerits of Human Resource Accounting. (5 Marks) (5 Marks) c. Without accounting concepts & conventions, objective, reliable, consistent and comparable accounts cannot be maintained. Comment. (10 Marks) 6. a. What is window dressing? How financial statements are window dressed. (5 Marks) b. Mr. A has applied for the the position of Financial Analyst at E&Y Co.Ltd. The Head of Finance wants to assess the basic accounting skill sets of a candidate. The following information is provided in form of ratios to Mr. A to prepare the Balance shroud given in the under mentioned proforma (15 Marks) Total Assets/ Net worth Sales/Fixed assets Sales/Current assets Sales/Inventory Sales/Debtors Current Ratio Annual Sales = Rs. 25, 00,000 = = = = = = 3. 5 6 8 15 18 2. 5 Balance Sheet Liabilities Net worth Long term Debt Current Liabilities Rs. Assets Fixed Assets Invento ry Debtors Liquid Assets -Rs. - affect you to be Mr.A, how will you prepare the Balance Sheet with necessary working smells. Part-B 7. a. Being a likely Investor, Interpret the following from the view point of Liquidity. (5 Marks) Particulars Current Assets Bank A (Rs. ) 200000 Bank B (Rs. ) 800000 Fixed Assets Total Assets 800000 1000000 200000 1000000 Following are the income statements of Star Ltd. , Mumbai for the years 2010-2011. Trading & Profit & outrage Account 31. 03. 2011 Particulars 200000 By Sales 550000 By terminal stock 80000 By Income from investment 64000 By dividend sure 40000 60000 12000 7000 8000 14000 412500 1447500 1217000 1447500Particulars To Opening Stock To Purchases To Wages To salaries To rent & taskes To Depreciation To selling expenses To discount allowed To loss on sale of Plant To interest paid To Net profit 31. 03. 2010 85000 500000 60000 42000 35000 40000 12000 5000 12000 426000 1217000 31. 03. 2010 31. 03. 2011 1000000 200000 1200000 225000 1 2000 5000 15000 7500 b. For the above problem analyse the Income Statement using Horizontal analysis. (5 Marks) c. For the above problem analyse the Income Statement using Vertical analysis. d. For the above problem comment on the advantageousness of the Company. . Part-C 8. (Case Study) (20 Marks) (5 Marks) (5 Marks)The following is the trial balance of Mr. X of Bombay as on 31st Dec. 2009. Prepare a craft and profit and loss account for the year ended 31st Dec. 2009 and the balance sheet as on that data after taking into consideration the following adjustments. Adjustments i. Stock on 31st Dec. 2009 was Rs. 10,000. ii. Debts worth Rs. 2000 should be written off as bad. iii. Depreciate machinery by 5% and motor vans by 15%. iv. supply for bad & doubtful debts should be increased by Rs. 600. v. Commission accrued & not received Rs. 500. vi. Goods worth Rs. 500 were used by the proprietor for his personal use. ii. On 20th Dec. 2009, a fire broke out in the shop & goods worth Rs. 2000 were tout ensemble destroyed. The insurance company accepted the allege for Rs. 1500 only & paid the amount on 1st Jan 2010. Trial Balance as on 31st Dec. 2009 Particulars Mr. X Capital Mr. X Drawings Stock on 1st Jan 2009 Purchase & Sales Returns Discounts Commission received Income Tax paid occasion Salaries Office Rent advertise Sundry Debtors & Creditors Provision for doubtful debts Manufacturing Wages Bills due & Payable Carriage Machinery Motor Vans Land & Buildings Office Expenses Cash at Bank Cash in hand TOTALDr 7500 12000 86000 2000 500 700 17300 2000 1700 85000 8600 5000 600 40000 7000 10000 1500 6000 2300 295700 Cr 85000 170000 1000 700 1000 30000 3000 5000 295700 nurture Technology for Managers Sub mark 12MBA15 Question Bank (Skill Based questions) A) The regional theater director of a marketing company wants to have an urgency meeting with all his sales team members and to show them a new protocol developed by the competitor. But all are at far-away place s on sales assignments. Suggest how a suitable applied light based method helps him.B) Marketing Managers of a manufacturing firm are planning to increase the sales this year at any cost and they are suppose to prepare a proposal to show the management saying, what-if they increase the advertisement budget this year by 10%, 20% and 30% over the last years budget. Suggest a suitable Information system which helps them in their What-if analysis and comment. C) lacquer is planning host a football tournament, surprisingly for ROBOTS to showcase their technological supremacy. What branch of computer science will help them in designing the ROBOTS to play the game?Comment. D) A logistics company want to provide up-to date information to their client about their loading regarding their place or location, movement, and time of arrival at the destination, at any point of time the clients want to know about, in order to have a satisfied customer base. Suggest what engineering science the y should adopt to continuously track the shipments and how can they achieve their goal. Model Papers Information Technology for Managers Sub compute 12MBA15 Time 3 Hours Note 1. Answer any 3 questions from Part-A 2. Part -B and Part-C Questions are Compulsory Max.Marks 100 3. Draw Diagrams wherever necessary to enhance your entry PART-A Q. No. 1 a) Differentiate Data and Information b) State the different Components of Information system. (03 Marks) (07 Marks) c) Explain the importance of Information systems from End user, Enterprise and Global perspectives. (10 Marks) Q. No. 2 a) List types Information system table service the needs of end users at various organizational levels (03 Marks) b) State the advantages of Office Automation system (07 Marks) c) With a unbent block diagram explain the public presentation of Transaction Processing System. 10 Marks) Q. No. 3 a) What is Prototyping? b) Briefly explain the phases in System maturation Life Cycle. (03 Marks) (07 Marks) c) Discuss the Application of Internet/Intranet/extranet technology in efficient & effective business conference. (10 Marks) Q. No. 4 a) What is Enterprise Resource Planning? Give one example. (05 Marks) b) Discuss the role of CRM in maintaining a satisfied and loyal customer base for nows business firms. (05 Marks) c) Give an innovative, conceptual design for online conduction of examination, evaluation and result announcement in your own institute. 10 Marks) Q. No. 5 a) Define e-business, e-commerce, with suitable examples. (05 Marks) b) Explain the different types of e-business models classified based on producer/supplier-customer /client relationship. (05 Marks) c) Explain in detail the nine essential categories of e-commerce processes with a neat block diagram (10 Marks) Q. No. 6 a) IT enabled work improve the effectiveness and efficiency of businesses in equality with non-IT enabled ones. Discuss with suitable examples. (05 Marks) b) Discuss the neighborly and respectable d imensions of IT in Business activities. (05 Marks) ) Explain the important security system measures that are part of the security management of information system. (10 Marks) PART-B Q. No. 7 a) Design a hospital Management system, with relevant contents as more as possible (05 Marks) b) Assume that you own a wide awake retail sales business and decide to have online tissue-store for the same. List and explain the contents of your web pages for carrying out the business efficiently. (05 Marks) c) Explain IT involvement in BPOs. Do you feel there is no BPO without IT? Justify your views. (05 Marks) d) Too much dependency on IT whitethorn pose a threat to national business interests and security.Give your views. (05 Marks) PART-C Q. No. 8 CASE STUDY (Compulsory) Marks) (20 12MBA16 Managerial Communication Model skill based questions 1. You are a fresher and you have been interviewed for the job of a management trainee at Britannia industries Ltd. the following questions are asked by the interviewer give your response to each one of them. i. What do you consider your greatest attributes? ii. Name a some weaknesses in you. iii. What are your long term goals and how do you think you can achieve them in this organization? iv. What experience do you have in problem solving? . Justify your candidature for this job. 2. A curse student says, So I? m not a good writer. But I? m a management major. I? ll have secretaries to portion out my writing for me. Give this student your best advice, including the abstract thought behind it 3. Explain your prediction. Will hard-copy letters minimize in importance as email the Great Compromiser a standard form of business communication? Become obsolete? Vanish? 4. Discuss the reasons for social networking? s phenomenal growth. Is this growth likely to stay put? 5. Some authorities say that concerns about correctness inhibit a person? email communication. Does this stand have merit? Discuss. 6. Some authorities say that sh ortcuts in text messaging will lead to users? inability to spell properly in more formal contexts. Do you agree? Why or why not? 7. How would you write a nitty-gritty to a close friend who works for you but a) Needs to be disciplined b) Is to be congratulated c) Is to be relocated to an equally attractive location within the same city? 8. . Criticize and re-draft the following thank-you meat from a college student to a professor who has sent her a job lead. Subject Thanks earnest Prof.Smith, Thanks for the hot tip on the job I? m interviewing there tomorrow Sarah Model Question Paper 12MBA16 Managerial Communication PART-A Answer any 3 full questions 1. a) b) c) Distinguish between Hearing and Listening. What is Grapevine and why is it important? Explain elaborately the Crisis Communication process. 3m 7m 10m 2. a) What do Empathy and Reflection mean? 3m b) What are the Barriers to Communication? Give a skeleton on any seven of them. 7m c) Explain before long the concepts Chron emics , Proxemics ,Oculesics ,Haptics and Kinesics 10 m 3. ) b) What is a Dangling modifier gene? Give an example. What are the principles of effective writing 3m 7m 10m c) . Discuss the 3*3 writing process. 4. a) b) c) What is a Business Letter? Explain the formats for writing a business letter. Define Memo and briefly explain its types. 5m 5m Motilal & Co. , a leading garment manufacturing and exporting firm has received a letter of complaint from one of its U. K. clients stating that none of the materials client is in the most important and gainful list of customers for Motilal & Co. 10 m 4. a) Draft a letter to the U. K. lient, pacifying them and assuring the best of services in the future. b) Also prepare an internal communication to the Manager of the concerned department asking for an immediate explanation. 10m 10 m 5. a) Briefly discuss the Styles of Negotiation. 5m b) c) Discuss the various visual aids used to enhance the quality of a presentation. Explain the electronic writing process 5m 10m 6. a) What are the five important aspects that should be considered for a media interview? 5m b) Prepare a press run down of your college to gain publication on the just cerebrate national level management fest. m c) accept for the position of Management trainee at ITC Ltd considering you are a fresher. 10m PART B Compulsory 7. You have been asked to consume an extempore speech on How to improve the military operation of your company?. Quickly jot down some points for the speech. a) b) Prepare an advertisement of a new mobile hand-set. Write a creative copy As the GM, you are going to address the Annual habitual Body Meeting of your garment manufacturing company. Draft your speech. c) purpose out the shortcomings in this message granting a claim for a fax machine received in disparage condition.Inspection of the package revealed that the damage did not go in transit. Dear Ms. Orsag Your May3 letter in which you claim that the RigoFAX391 was received in damaged condition has been carefully considered. We inspect all our machines carefully before packing material them, and we pack them carefully in strong boxes with Styrofoam supports that take control them snugly. Thus we cannot understand how the damage could have occurred. level so, we stand behind our product and will supersede any that are damaged. However we must ask that first you send us the defective one so we can inspect it.After your claim of damage has been verified, we will send you a new one. We atone any inconvenience this situation may have caused you and assure you that problems like this rarely occur in our shipping department. Scott Hilderbran PART- C 8. (Case Study) compulsory Barry and Communication Barriers efficient Communication as a Motivator One common complaint employee? s voice about supervisors is inconsistent messages meaning one supervisor tells them one thing and another tells them something different. Imagine you are the supervisor/manag er for each of the employees described below.As you read their case, give consideration to how you might help communicate with the employee to remedy the conflict. Barry is a 27-year old who is a feedservice manager at a casual dining restaurant. Barry is responsible for superintend and managing all employees in the back of the house. Employees working in the back of the house range in age from 16 years old to 55 years old. In addition, the employees come from diverse cultural and cultural backgrounds. For many, English is not their primary language. Barry is ServSafe certified and tries his best to keep up with food guard duty issues in the kitchen but he admits it? not easy. Employees receive on the job training about food safety basics (for example, appropriate hygiene and hand washing, time/temperature, and cleaning and sanitizing). But with high turnover of employees, training is often rushed and some new employees are put right into the job without training if it is a bus y day. Eventually, most employees get some benevolent of food safety training. The owners of the restaurant are substantiating of Barry in his food safety efforts because they know if a food safety outbreak were ever link up to their restaurant it would likely put them out of business.Still, the owners note there are additional costs for training and making sure food is handled safely. One day Barry comes to work and is rather upset even before he steps into the restaurant. Things haven? t been going well at home and he was well-to-do to rummage through some of the dirty laundry and find a relatively clean habilitate to wear for work. He admits he needs a haircut and a good hand scrubbing, especially after working on his car last evening. When he walks into the kitchen he notices several trays of uncooked meat sit out in the kitchen area.It appears these have been sitting at room temperature for quite some time. Barry is frustrated and doesn? t know what to do. He feels like he is get the better of his head against a brick wall when it comes to getting employees to practice food safety. Barry has taken many efforts to get employees to be safe in how they handle food. He has huge signs posted all over the kitchen with these words detainment HOT solid food HOT AND COLD FOOD COLD and WASH YOUR HANDS ALWAYS AND OFTEN. All employees are given a thermometer when they start so that they can temp food.Hand sinks, soap, and paper towels are available for employees so that they are encouraged to wash their manpower frequently. Questions 1. What are the communication challenges and barriers Barry faces? 2. What solutions might Barry consider in addressing each of these challenges and barriers? 3. What Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs) would be useful for Barry to implement and enforce? 4. What are some ways Barry might use effective communication as a motivator for employees to follow safe food handling practices?